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  Structure or Exchange? On the Feasibility of Chemical Exchange Detection with Balanced Steady‐State Free Precession in Tissue: An In Vitro Study

Heule, R., Deshmane, A., Zaiss, M., Herz, K., Ehses, P., & Scheffler, K. (2020). Structure or Exchange? On the Feasibility of Chemical Exchange Detection with Balanced Steady‐State Free Precession in Tissue: An In Vitro Study. NMR in Biomedicine, 33(3), 1-15. doi:10.1002/nbm.4200.

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Heule, R1, 2, Author           
Deshmane, A1, 2, Author           
Zaiss, M1, 2, Author           
Herz, K1, 2, Author           
Ehses, P, Author           
Scheffler, K1, 2, Author           
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1Department High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society, ou_1497796              
2Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society, ou_1497794              

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Balanced steady‐state free precession imaging has recently been suggested for chemical exchange detection (bSSFPX). The objective of this work is to investigate the contributions of microstructural, chemical shift and chemical exchange effects to the asymmetry of the bSSFP profile at field strengths of 3 T and 9.4 T. To this end, in vitro bSSFPX experiments are performed for a range of repetition times and flip angles in glucose water solutions with different MnCl2 concentrations and tissue homogenates obtained from the brainstem of pig brains. The experimental results are compared to multi‐pool Bloch‐McConnell simulations. Additionally, the influence of white matter tract geometry is analyzed ex vivo in pig brain hemispheres measured at two different angles with respect to B0.

The detectable bSSFP profile asymmetry in glucose solutions with tissue‐like relaxation times and white matter homogenates was consistent with Bloch‐McConnell simulations but relatively small. In intact white matter tracts, the asymmetry was dominated by structural effects with a strong dependency on tract orientation relative to B0. In tracts perpendicular to B0, the asymmetry was ≈ 3‐4 times higher than in the homogenates, thus barely affected by chemical exchange effects. In conclusion, chemical exchange‐related bSSFP profile asymmetries are detectable in tissue homogenates, however, the observed asymmetry level is generally low and prone to confounding structural effects rendering in vivo chemical exchange detection with bSSFP challenging in the brain.

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 Dates: 2019-122020-03
 Publication Status: Issued
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 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4200
eDoc: e4200
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Title: NMR in Biomedicine
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: London : Heyden & Son
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 33 (3) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 1 - 15 Identifier: ISSN: 0952-3480
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925574973