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  The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex

Grasby, K. L., Jahanshad, N., Painter, J. N., Colodro-Conde, L., Bralten, J., Hibar, D. P., et al. (2020). The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex. Science, 367(6484): eaay6690. doi:10.1126/science.aay6690.

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This is the author’s version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science 367 on 20 March 2020, DOI: 10.1126/science.aay6690. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6484/eaay6690
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 Creators:
Grasby, Katrina L.1, Author
Jahanshad, Neda2, Author
Painter, Jodie N.1, Author
Colodro-Conde, Lucía1, 3, 4, 5, Author
Bralten, Janita6, 7, Author
Hibar, Derrek P.2, 8, Author
Lind, Penelope A.1, 3, 4, Author
Pizzagalli, Fabrizio2, Author
Ching, Christopher R. K.2, 9, Author
McMahon, Mary Agnes B.2, Author
Shatokhina, Natalia2, Author
Zsembik, Leo C. P.10, Author
Thomopoulos, Sophia I.2, Author
Zhu, Alyssa H.2, Author
Strike, Lachlan T.3, Author
Agartz, Ingrid11, 12, 13, 14, Author
Alhusaini, Saud15, 16, Author
Almeida, Marcio A. A.17, Author
Alnæs, Dag11, 12, Author
Amlien, Inge K.12, Author
Andersson, Micael18, AuthorArd, Tyler2, AuthorArmstrong, Nicola J.19, AuthorAshley-Koch, Allison20, AuthorAtkins, Joshua R.21, AuthorBernard, Manon22, AuthorBrouwer, Rachel M.23, AuthorBuimer, Elizabeth E. L.23, AuthorBülow, Robin24, AuthorBürger, Christian25, AuthorCannon, Dara M.26, AuthorChakravarty, Mallar27, AuthorChen, Qiang28, AuthorCheung, Joshua W.2, AuthorCouvy-Duchesne, Baptiste1, 3, AuthorDale, Anders M.29, AuthorDalvie, Shareefa30, AuthorDe Araujo, Tânia K.31, 32, AuthorDe Zubicaray, Greig I.4, AuthorDe Zwarte, Sonja M. C.23, AuthorDen Braber, Anouk33, AuthorDoan, Nhat Trung11, 12, AuthorDohm, Katharina25, AuthorEhrlich, Stefan34, AuthorEngelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth30, AuthorErk, Susanne35, AuthorFan, Chun Chieh29, AuthorFedko, Iryna O.33, AuthorFoley, Sonya F.36, AuthorFord, Judith M.37, AuthorFukunaga, Masaki38, AuthorGarrett, Melanie E.20, AuthorGe, Tian39, AuthorGiddaluru, Sudheer40, AuthorGoldman, Aaron L.28, AuthorGreen, Melissa J.41, 42, AuthorGroenewold, Nynke A.30, AuthorGrotegerd, Dominik25, AuthorGurholt, Tiril P.11, 12, 13, AuthorGutman, Boris A.2, 43, AuthorHansell, Narelle K.3, AuthorHarris, Mathew A.44, AuthorHarrison, Marc B.2, AuthorHaswell, Courtney C.20, AuthorHauser, Michael20, AuthorHerms, Stefan45, 46, 47, AuthorHeslenfeld, Dirk J.33, AuthorHo, New Fei48, AuthorHoehn, David49, AuthorHoffmann, Per45, 46, 50, AuthorHolleran, Laurena26, AuthorHoogman, Martine6, 7, AuthorHottenga, Jouke-Jan33, AuthorIkeda, Masashi51, AuthorJanowitz, Deborah52, AuthorJansen, Iris E.33, 53, AuthorJia, Tianye54, 55, AuthorJockwitz, Christiane56, 57, 58, AuthorKanai, Ryota59, 60, 61, AuthorKarama, Sherif27, 62, AuthorKasperaviciute, Dalia63, 64, AuthorKaufmann, Tobias11, 12, AuthorKelly, Sinead65, AuthorKikuchi, Masataka66, AuthorKlein, Marieke6, 7, 23, AuthorKnapp, Michael50, AuthorKnodt, Annchen R.67, AuthorKrämer, Bernd68, 69, AuthorLam, Max48, 70, AuthorLancaster, Thomas M.36, AuthorLee, Phil H.39, 65, AuthorLett, Tristram A.35, AuthorLewis, Lindsay B.26, 62, AuthorLopes-Cendes, Iscia31, 32, AuthorLuciano, Michelle44, AuthorMacciardi, Fabio71, AuthorMarquand, Andre F.6, AuthorMathias, Samuel R.16, 72, AuthorMelzer, Tracy R.73, 74, 75, AuthorMilaneschi, Yuri76, AuthorMirza-Schreiber, Nazanin49, 77, AuthorMoreira, Jose C. V.32, 78, AuthorMühleisen, Thomas W.46, 56, 79, AuthorMüller-Myhsok, Bertram49, 80, 81, AuthorNajt, Pablo26, AuthorNakahara, Soichiro71, AuthorNho, Kwangsik82, AuthorOlde Loohuis, Loes M. 9, AuthorOrfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos83, AuthorPearson, John F.73, AuthorPitcher, Toni L.73, 74, 75, AuthorPütz, Benno49, AuthorQuidé, Yann41, 42, AuthorRagothaman, Anjanibhargavi2, AuthorRashid, Faisal M.2, AuthorReay, William R.21, AuthorRedlich, Ronny25, AuthorReinbold, Céline S.12, 45, 46, AuthorRepple, Jonathan25, AuthorRichard, Geneviève11, 12, 84, AuthorRiedel, Brandalyn C.2, 82, AuthorRisacher, Shannon L.82, AuthorRocha, Cristiane S.31, 32, AuthorMota, Nina Roth6, 7, AuthorSalminen, Lauren2, AuthorSaremi, Arvin2, AuthorSaykin, Andrew J.82, AuthorSchlag, Fenja85, 86, 87, Author           Schmaal, Lianne53, 88, 89, AuthorSchofield, Peter R.41, AuthorSecolin, Rodrigo31, 32, AuthorShapland, Chin Yang85, Author           Shen, Li90, AuthorShin, Jean21, 22, AuthorShumskaya, Elena6, 7, AuthorSønderby, Ida E.11, 12, AuthorSprooten, Emma7, AuthorTansey, Katherine E.36, AuthorTeumer, Alexander52, AuthorThalamuthu, Anbupalam41, AuthorTordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana91, 92, AuthorTurner, Jessica A.93, 94, AuthorUhlmann, Anne30, 95, AuthorVallerga, Costanza Ludovica3, AuthorVan der Meer, Dennis11, 96, AuthorVan Donkelaar, Marjolein M. J.85, 87, Author           Van Eijk, Liza3, AuthorVan Erp, Theo G. M.71, AuthorVan Haren, Neeltje E. M.23, 97, AuthorVan Rooij, Daan6, 7, AuthorVan Tol, Marie-José98, AuthorVeldink, Jan H.23, AuthorVerhoef, Ellen85, 86, 87, Author           Walton, Esther93, 99, 100, AuthorWang, Mingyuan48, AuthorWang, Yunpeng11, 12, AuthorWardlaw, Joanna M.44, AuthorWen, Wei41, AuthorWestlye, Lars T.11, 12, AuthorWhelan, Christopher D.2, 15, AuthorWitt, Stephanie H.101, AuthorWittfeld, Katharina52, 102, AuthorWolf, Christiane103, AuthorWolfers, Thomas6, AuthorWu, Jing Qin21, AuthorYasuda, Clarissa L.31, 32, AuthorZaremba, Dario25, AuthorZhang, Zuo55, AuthorZwiers, Marcel P.6, 7, AuthorArtiges, Eric83, AuthorAssareh, Amelia A.41, AuthorAyesa-Arriola, Rosa91, 92, AuthorBelger, Aysenil10, 20, AuthorBrandt, Christine L.11, 12, AuthorBrown, Gregory G.29, 104, AuthorCichon, Sven45, 46, 56, AuthorCurran, Joanne E.17, AuthorDavies, Gareth E.105, AuthorDegenhardt, Franziska49, AuthorDennis, Michelle F.20, AuthorDietsche, Bruno106, AuthorDjurovic, Srdjan11, 40, AuthorDoherty, Colin P.15, 107, 108, AuthorEspiritu, Ryan9, AuthorGarijo, Daniel9, AuthorGil, Yolanda9, AuthorGowland, Penny A.109, AuthorGreen, Robert C.65, 110, 111, AuthorHäusler, Alexander N.47, 50, AuthorHeindel, Walter25, AuthorHo, Beng-Choon112, AuthorHoffmann, Wolfgang U.52, 102, AuthorHolsboer, Florian49, 113, AuthorHomuth, Georg52, AuthorHosten, Norbert24, AuthorJack Jr., Clifford R. 114, AuthorJang, MiHyun9, AuthorJansen, Andreas106, AuthorKimbrel, Nathan A.20, AuthorKolskår, Knut11, 12, 84, AuthorKoops, Sanne23, AuthorKrug, Axel106, AuthorLim, Kelvin O.115, AuthorLuykx, Jurjen J.23, 116, AuthorMathalon, Daniel H.37, 117, AuthorMather, Karen A.41, AuthorMattay, Venkata S.28, 118, AuthorMatthews, Sarah99, AuthorMayoral Van Son, Jaqueline 91, 92, AuthorMcEwen, Sarah C.119, 120, AuthorMelle, Ingrid11, 12, AuthorMorris, Derek W.26, AuthorMueller, Bryon A.115, AuthorNauck, Matthias52, 121, AuthorNordvik, Jan E.84, AuthorNöthen, Markus M.50, AuthorO’Leary, Daniel S.112, AuthorOpel, Nils25, AuthorPaillère Martinot, Marie-Laure 83, AuthorPike, G. Bruce122, AuthorPreda, Adrian71, AuthorQuinlan, Erin B.55, AuthorRasser, Paul E.21, 123, AuthorRatnakar, Varun9, AuthorReppermund, Simone41, AuthorSteen, Vidar M.40, 124, AuthorTooney, Paul A.21, 123, AuthorTorres, Fábio R.31, 32, AuthorVeltman, Dick J.76, AuthorVoyvodic, James T.20, AuthorWhelan, Robert125, AuthorWhite, Tonya97, AuthorYamamori, Hidenaga126, AuthorAdams, Hieab H. H.97, AuthorBis, Joshua C.127, AuthorDebette, Stephanie128, AuthorDecarli, Charles129, AuthorFornage, Myriam130, AuthorGudnason, Vilmundur131, AuthorHofer, Edith132, AuthorIkram, M. Arfan97, AuthorLauner, Lenore133, AuthorLongstreth, W. T.127, AuthorLopez, Oscar L.97, AuthorMazoyer, Bernard128, AuthorMosley, Thomas H.134, AuthorRoshchupkin, Gennady V.97, AuthorSatizabal, Claudia L.130, 135, AuthorSchmidt, Reinhold132, AuthorSeshadri, Sudha130, 135, AuthorYang, Qiong136, AuthorAlzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Author              CHARGE Consortium, Author              EPIGEN Consortium, Author              IMAGEN Consortium, Author              SYS Consortium, Author              Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative, Author              Alvim, Marina K. M.31, 32, AuthorAmes, David89, 137, AuthorAnderson, Tim J.73, 74, 75, 138, AuthorAndreassen, Ole A.11, 12, AuthorArias-Vasquez, Alejandro6, 7, AuthorBastin, Mark E.44, AuthorBaune, Bernhard T.25, 89, AuthorBeckham, Jean C.20, AuthorBlangero, John17, AuthorBoomsma, Dorret I.33, AuthorBrodaty, Henry41, AuthorBrunner, Han G.6, 7, 139, AuthorBuckner, Randy L.39, 140, AuthorBuitelaar, Jan K.6, 7, 141, AuthorBustillo, Juan R.142, AuthorCahn, Wiepke23, AuthorCairns, Murray J.21, 143, AuthorCalhoun, Vince93, AuthorCarr, Vaughan J.41, 42, 144, AuthorCaseras, Xavier36, AuthorCaspers, Svenja56, 58, 79, AuthorCavalleri, Gianpiero L.15, 145, AuthorCendes, Fernando31, 32, AuthorCorvin, Aiden125, AuthorCrespo-Facorro, Benedicto92, 104, 146, AuthorDalrymple-Alford, John C.74, 75, 147, AuthorDannlowski, Udo25, AuthorDe Geus, Eco J. C.33, AuthorDeary, Ian J.44, AuthorDelanty, Norman15, AuthorDepondt, Chantal148, AuthorDesrivières, Sylvane55, 103, AuthorDonohoe, Gary26, AuthorEspeseth, Thomas11, 12, AuthorFernández, Guillén6, 7, AuthorFisher, Simon E.7, 85, Author           Flor, Herta101, AuthorForstner, Andreas J.45, 46, 106, AuthorFrancks, Clyde7, 85, 149, Author           Franke, Barbara6, 7, AuthorGlahn, David C.65, 72, AuthorGollub, Randy L.39, 65, AuthorGrabe, Hans J.52, 102, AuthorGruber, Oliver68, AuthorHåberg, Asta K.150, 151, AuthorHariri, Ahmad R.67, AuthorHartman, Catharina A.98, AuthorHashimoto, Ryota62, 126, 152, AuthorHeinz, Andreas153, AuthorHenskens, Frans A.21, AuthorHillegers, Manon H. J.23, 97, AuthorHoekstra, Pieter J.98, AuthorHolmes, Avram J.39, 154, AuthorHong, L. Elliot155, AuthorHopkins, William D.156, AuthorHulshoff Pol, Hilleke E. 23, AuthorJernigan, Terry L.29, AuthorJönsson, Erik G.12, 14, AuthorKahn, René S.23, 157, AuthorKennedy, Martin A.73, AuthorKircher, Tilo T. J.106, AuthorKochunov, Peter154, AuthorKwok, John B. J.41, 42, 158, AuthorLe Hellard, Stephanie40, 124, AuthorLoughland, Carmel M.21, AuthorMartin, Nicholas G.1, AuthorMartinot, Jean-Luc83, AuthorMcDonald, Colm26, AuthorMcMahon, Katie L.4, AuthorMeyer-Lindenberg, Andreas101, AuthorMichie, Patricia T.21, AuthorMorey, Rajendra A.20, AuthorMowry, Bryan3, AuthorNyberg, Lars18, AuthorOosterlaan, Jaap33, 53, AuthorOphoff, Roel A.9, AuthorPantelis, Christos89, 159, AuthorPaus, Tomas22, 160, AuthorPausova, Zdenka22, AuthorPenninx, Brenda W. J. H.76, AuthorPolderman, Tinca J. C.33, AuthorPosthuma, Danielle33, 53, AuthorRietschel, Marcella101, AuthorRoffman, Joshua L.39, AuthorRowland, Laura M.155, AuthorSachdev, Perminder S.41, 161, AuthorSämann, Philipp G.49, AuthorSchall, Ulrich21, 123, AuthorSchumann, Gunter35, 54, 55, 162, AuthorScott, Rodney J.21, 163, AuthorSim, Kang48, AuthorSisodiya, Sanjay M.63, 164, AuthorSmoller, Jordan W.39, 111, AuthorSommer, Iris E.23, 40, 98, AuthorSt Pourcain, Beate7, 85, 87, 99, Author           Stein, Dan J.30, AuthorToga, Arthur W.2, AuthorTrollor, Julian N.41, AuthorVan der Wee, Nic J. A. 165, Authorvan 't Ent, Dennis 33, AuthorVölzke, Henry52, AuthorWalter, Henrik35, AuthorWeber, Bernd47, 50, AuthorWeinberger, Daniel R.28, 118, AuthorWright, Margaret J.3, AuthorZhou, Juan166, AuthorStein, Jason L.10, AuthorThompson, Paul M.2, AuthorMedland, Sarah E.1, 3, Author more..
Affiliations:
1QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia, ou_persistent22              
2Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
3University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, ou_persistent22              
4Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia, ou_persistent22              
5University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain, ou_persistent22              
6Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
7Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, External Organizations, ou_55236              
8Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
9University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
10University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, ou_persistent22              
11Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, ou_persistent22              
12University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, ou_persistent22              
13Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway, ou_persistent22              
14Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, ou_persistent22              
15Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland, ou_persistent22              
16Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA, ou_persistent22              
17University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA, ou_persistent22              
18Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, ou_persistent22              
19Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia, ou_persistent22              
20Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA, ou_persistent22              
21University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia, ou_persistent22              
22University of Toronto, Toronto, Australia, ou_persistent22              
23University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
24University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, ou_persistent22              
25University of Münster, Münster, Germany, ou_persistent22              
26National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland, ou_persistent22              
27McGill University , Montreal, Canada, ou_persistent22              
28Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA, ou_persistent22              
29University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
30University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, ou_persistent22              
31University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil, ou_persistent22              
32BRAINN - Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology , Campinas, Brazil, ou_persistent22              
33Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
34Technische Universität Dresden, Dreseden, Germany, ou_persistent22              
35Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany, ou_persistent22              
36Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK, ou_persistent22              
37San Francisco Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
38National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan, ou_persistent22              
39Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              
40University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, ou_persistent22              
41University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, ou_persistent22              
42Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia, ou_persistent22              
43Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA, ou_persistent22              
44University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, ou_persistent22              
45University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, ou_persistent22              
46University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, ou_persistent22              
47University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, ou_persistent22              
48Research Division Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, ou_persistent22              
49Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany, ou_persistent22              
50School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, ou_persistent22              
51Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan, ou_persistent22              
52University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, ou_persistent22              
53Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
54Fudan University, Shanghai, China, ou_persistent22              
55King's College London, London, UK, ou_persistent22              
56Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany, ou_persistent22              
57Aachen University, Aachen, Germanu, ou_persistent22              
58JARA-BRAIN - Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany, ou_persistent22              
59Araya Inc., Tokyo, Japan, ou_persistent22              
60University of Sussex, Falmer, UK, ou_persistent22              
61Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan, ou_persistent22              
62Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada, ou_persistent22              
63University College London, London, UK, ou_persistent22              
64Queen Mary University of London, London, UK, ou_persistent22              
65Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              
66Osaka University, Suita, Japan, ou_persistent22              
67Duke University, Durham, NC, USA, ou_persistent22              
68Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany, ou_persistent22              
69University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, ou_persistent22              
70Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, ou_persistent22              
71School of Medicine University of California, Irvine, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
72Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA, ou_persistent22              
73University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand, ou_persistent22              
74New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand, ou_persistent22              
75Brain Research New Zealand, Christchurch, New Zealand, ou_persistent22              
76Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
77Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany, ou_persistent22              
78IC-Institute of Computing, Campinas, Brazil, ou_persistent22              
79Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, ou_persistent22              
80SyNergy, Munich, Germany, ou_persistent22              
81Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, UK, ou_persistent22              
82Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA, ou_persistent22              
83Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, ou_persistent22              
84Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway, ou_persistent22              
85Language and Genetics Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_792549              
86International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, Nijmegen, NL, ou_1119545              
87Population genetics of human communication, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, Wundtlaan 1, 6525 XD Nijmegen, NL, ou_2579694              
88Orygen, Melbourne, Australia, ou_persistent22              
89University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, ou_persistent22              
90University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA, ou_persistent22              
91Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander, Spain, ou_persistent22              
92Centro Investigacion Biomedica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain, ou_persistent22              
93Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA, ou_persistent22              
94Mind Research Network , Albuquerque, NM, USA, ou_persistent22              
95University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA, ou_persistent22              
96Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
97Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
98University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
99Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK, ou_persistent22              
100University of Bath, Bath, UK, ou_persistent22              
101Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, ou_persistent22              
102German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Greifswald, Germany, ou_persistent22              
103University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, ou_persistent22              
104VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
105Avera Institute for Human Genetics, Sioux Falls, SO, USA, ou_persistent22              
106Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany, ou_persistent22              
107St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, ou_persistent22              
108Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland, ou_persistent22              
109University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, ou_persistent22              
110Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              
111The Broad Institute, Boston, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              
112University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA, ou_persistent22              
113HMNC Holding GmbH, Munich, Germany, ou_persistent22              
114Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA, ou_persistent22              
115University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA, ou_persistent22              
116GGNet Mental Health, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
117University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
118Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA, ou_persistent22              
119Pacific Brain Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
120John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
121German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Greifswald, Germany, ou_persistent22              
122University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada, ou_persistent22              
123Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia, ou_persistent22              
124Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, ou_persistent22              
125Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, ou_persistent22              
126Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan, ou_persistent22              
127University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, ou_persistent22              
128University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, ou_persistent22              
129University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA, ou_persistent22              
130University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA, ou_persistent22              
131University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, ou_persistent22              
132Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, ou_persistent22              
133National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA, ou_persistent22              
134University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA, ou_persistent22              
135Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              
136Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              
137National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia, ou_persistent22              
138Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand, ou_persistent22              
139Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
140Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              
141Karakter, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
142University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA, ou_persistent22              
143Schizophrenia Research Institute , Randwick, Australia, ou_persistent22              
144Monash University, Clayton, Australia, ou_persistent22              
145The SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland, ou_persistent22              
146Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain, ou_persistent22              
147University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, ou_persistent22              
148Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, ou_persistent22              
149Imaging Genomics, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_2579692              
150Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, ou_persistent22              
151St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway, ou_persistent22              
152National Institute of Mental Health, Tokyo, Japan, ou_persistent22              
153Charité Universitätsklinik Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ou_persistent22              
154Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, ou_persistent22              
155University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA, ou_persistent22              
156University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA, ou_persistent22              
157Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA, ou_persistent22              
158University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, ou_persistent22              
159Sunshine Hospital, St. Albans, Australia, ou_persistent22              
160Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA, ou_persistent22              
161The Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia, ou_persistent22              
162Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany, ou_persistent22              
163John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heigh, Australia , ou_persistent22              
164Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont-St. Peter, UK, ou_persistent22              
165Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
166National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, ou_persistent22              

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 Abstract: The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson’s disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 20202020-03-202020-03
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1126/science.aay6690
 Degree: -

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Title: Science
  Other : Science
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Washington, D.C. : American Association for the Advancement of Science
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 367 (6484) Sequence Number: eaay6690 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 0036-8075
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/991042748276600_1