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  Evidence for a Circumplanetary Disk around Protoplanet PDS 70 b

Christiaens, V., Cantalloube, F., Casassus, S., Price, D. J., Absil, O., Pinte, C., et al. (2019). Evidence for a Circumplanetary Disk around Protoplanet PDS 70 b. The Astrophysical Journal, 877.

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 Creators:
Christiaens, Valentin1, Author
Cantalloube, Faustine1, Author
Casassus, Simon1, Author
Price, Daniel J.1, Author
Absil, Olivier1, Author
Pinte, Christophe1, Author
Girard, Julien1, Author
Montesinos, Matias1, Author
Affiliations:
1Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners, ou_2421692              

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Free keywords: planet─disk interactions planets and satellites: formation protoplanetary disks stars: individual: PDS 70 techniques: image processing Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
 Abstract: We present the first observational evidence for a circumplanetary disk (CPD) around the protoplanet PDS 70 b, based on a new spectrum in the K-band acquired with Very Large Telescope/SINFONI. We tested three hypotheses to explain the spectrum: atmospheric emission from the planet with either (1) a single value of extinction, (2) a variable extinction, and (3) a combined atmospheric and CPD model. Goodness-of-fit indicators favor the third option, suggesting that circumplanetary material contributes excess thermal emission—most prominent at λ ≳ 2.3 μm. Inferred accretion rates (∼10−7.8─10−7.3 M J yr−1) are compatible with observational constraints based on the Hα and Brγ lines. For the planet, we derive an effective temperature of 1500─1600 K, surface gravity {log}(g)∼ 4.0, radius ∼1.6R J , mass ∼10M J , and possible thick clouds. Models with variable extinction lead to slightly worse fits. However, the amplitude (∆A V ≳ 3 mag) and timescale of variation (≲years) required for the extinction would also suggest circumplanetary material.

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 Dates: 2019
 Publication Status: Issued
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Title: The Astrophysical Journal
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 877 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: - Identifier: -