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  Neutron star mergers and rare core-collapse supernovae as sources of r-process enrichment in simulated galaxies

van de Voort, F., Pakmor, R., Grand, R. J. J., Springel, V., Gómez, F. A., & Marinacci, F. (2020). Neutron star mergers and rare core-collapse supernovae as sources of r-process enrichment in simulated galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 494(4), 4867-4883. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa754.

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van de Voort, Freeke1, Author           
Pakmor, Rüdiger2, Author           
Grand, Robert J. J.1, Author           
Springel, Volker3, Author           
Gómez, Facundo A., Author
Marinacci, Federico, Author
Affiliations:
1Galaxy Formation, Cosmology, MPI for Astrophysics, Max Planck Society, ou_159878              
2Stellar Astrophysics, MPI for Astrophysics, Max Planck Society, ou_159882              
3Computational Structure Formation, MPI for Astrophysics, Max Planck Society, ou_2205642              

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 Abstract: We use cosmological, magnetohydrodynamical simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies from the Auriga project to study their enrichment with rapid neutron capture (r-process) elements. We implement a variety of enrichment models from both binary neutron star mergers and rare core-collapse supernovae. We focus on the abundances of (extremely) metal-poor stars, most of which were formed during the first ∼Gyr of the Universe in external galaxies and later accreted on to the main galaxy. We find that the majority of metal-poor stars are r-process enriched in all our enrichment models. Neutron star merger models result in a median r-process abundance ratio, which increases with metallicity, whereas the median trend in rare core-collapse supernova models is approximately flat. The scatter in r-process abundance increases for models with longer delay times or lower rates of r-process-producing events. Our results are nearly perfectly converged, in part due to the mixing of gas between mesh cells in the simulations. Additionally, different Milky Way-mass galaxies show only small variation in their respective r-process abundance ratios. Current (sparse and potentially biased) observations of metal-poor stars in the Milky Way seem to prefer rare core-collapse supernovae over neutron star mergers as the dominant source of r-process elements at low metallicity, but we discuss possible caveats to our models. Dwarf galaxies that experience a single r-process event early in their history show highly enhanced r-process abundances at low metallicity, which is seen both in observations and in our simulations. We also find that the elements produced in a single event are mixed with ≈108 M of gas relatively quickly, distributing the r-process elements over a large region.

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 Dates: 2020-05-02
 Publication Status: Published online
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 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa754
Other: LOCALID: 3245017
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Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
  Other : Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Oxford : Oxford University Press
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 494 (4) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 4867 - 4883 Identifier: ISSN: 1365-8711
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1000000000024150