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  A late Neanderthal tooth from northeastern Italy

Romandini, M., Gregorio, O., Bortolini, E., Peyrégne, S., Delpiano, D., Nava, A., et al. (2020). A late Neanderthal tooth from northeastern Italy. Journal of Human Evolution, 147: 102867. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102867.

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 Creators:
Romandini, Matteo, Author
Gregorio, Oxilia, Author
Bortolini, Eugenio, Author
Peyrégne, Stéphane1, Author                 
Delpiano, Davide, Author
Nava, Alessia, Author
Panetta, Daniele, Author
Domenico, Giovanni Di, Author
Martini, Petra, Author
Arrighi, Simona, Author
Badino, Federica, Author
Figus, Carla, Author
Lugli, Federica, Author
Marciani, Giulia, Author
Silvestrini, Sara, Author
Sartorio, Jessica C. Menghi, Author
Terlato, Gabriele, Author
Hublin, Jean-Jacques2, Author                 
Meyer, Matthias3, Author           
Bondioli, Luca, Author
Higham, Thomas, AuthorSlon, Viviane1, Author                 Peresani, Marco, AuthorBenazzi, Stefano2, Author                  more..
Affiliations:
1Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society, ou_1497672              
2Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society, ou_1497673              
3Advanced DNA Sequencing Techniques, Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society, ou_2074332              

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Free keywords: Neanderthal; Deciduous human canine; Late Middle Paleolithic; Mediterranean Europe; Virtual analysis; 2D and 3D enamel thickness
 Abstract: The site of Riparo Broion (Vicenza, northeastern Italy) preserves a stratigraphic
sequence documenting the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition, in particular the final
Mousterian and the Uluzzian cultures. In 2018 a human tooth was retrieved from a late
Mousterian level, representing the first human remain ever found from this rock shelter
(Riparo Broion 1). Here we provide the morphological description and taxonomic
assessment of Riparo Broion 1 with the support of classic and virtual morphology, 2D
and 3D analysis of the topography of enamel thickness, and DNA analysis. The tooth is
an exfoliated right upper deciduous canine, and its general morphology and enamel
thickness distribution support attribution to a Neanderthal child. Correspondingly, the mitochondrial DNA sequence from Riparo Broion 1 falls within the known genetic
variation of Late Pleistocene Neanderthals, in accordance with newly obtained
radiocarbon dates which point to approximately 48 ka cal BP as the most likely
minimum age for this specimen. The present work describes novel and direct evidence
of the late Neanderthal occupation in northern Italy that preceded the marked cultural
and technological shift documented by the Uluzzian layers in the archaeological
sequence at Riparo Broion. Here we provide a new full morphological, morphometric,
and taxonomic analysis of Riparo Broion 1, in addition to generating the wider
reference sample of Neanderthal and modern human upper deciduous canines. This
research contributes to increasing the sample of fossil remains from Italy, as well as
the number of currently available upper deciduous canines, which are presently poorly documented in the scientific literature.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2020-10
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102867
 Degree: -

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Project name : 100 Archaic Genomes
Grant ID : 694707
Funding program : Horizon 2020 (H2020)
Funding organization : European Commission (EC)

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Title: Journal of Human Evolution
Source Genre: Journal
 Creator(s):
Affiliations:
Publ. Info: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 147 Sequence Number: 102867 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 0047-2484