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  Photon statistics and signal to noise ratio for incoherent diffraction imaging

Trost, F., Ayyer, K., & Chapman, H. N. (2020). Photon statistics and signal to noise ratio for incoherent diffraction imaging. New Journal of Physics, 22(8): 083070. doi:10.1088/1367-2630/aba85c.

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Trost_2020_New_J._Phys._22_083070.pdf (Publisher version), 3MB
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Trost_2020_New_J._Phys._22_083070.pdf
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© the Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd on behalf of the Institute of Physics and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft

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 Creators:
Trost, F.1, Author
Ayyer, K.2, 3, 4, Author           
Chapman, H. N.1, 4, 5, 6, Author
Affiliations:
1Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, ou_persistent22              
2Computational Nanoscale Imaging, Condensed Matter Dynamics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society, ou_3012829              
3Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, ou_persistent22              
4The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, ou_persistent22              
5Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, ou_persistent22              
6Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, ou_persistent22              

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 Abstract: Intensity interferometry is a well known method in astronomy. Recently, a related method called incoherent diffractive imaging (IDI) was proposed to apply intensity correlations of x-ray fluorescence radiation to determine the 3D arrangement of the emitting atoms in a sample. Here we discuss inherent sources of noise affecting IDI and derive a model to estimate the dependence of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) on the photon counts per pixel, the temporal coherence (or number of modes), and the shape of the imaged object. Simulations in two- and three-dimensions have been performed to validate the predictions of the model. We find that contrary to coherent imaging methods, higher intensities and higher detected counts do not always correspond to a larger SNR. Also, larger and more complex objects generally yield a poorer SNR despite the higher measured counts. The framework developed here should be a valuable guide to future experimental design.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2020-07-162020-05-052020-07-222020-08-24
 Publication Status: Published online
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 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/aba85c
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Project name : This research was supported by the Cluster of Excellence ‘Advanced Imaging of Matter’ of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)—EXC 2056—project ID 390715994 and in part through the Maxwell computational resources operated at Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany. We also acknowledge support from the Initiative and Networking Funds of the Helmholtz Association through ExNet-0002 ‘Advanced Imaging of Matter.
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Title: New Journal of Physics
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 22 (8) Sequence Number: 083070 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 1367-2630