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  Current-induced magnetization switching by the high spin hall conductivity α-W

Liao, W.-B., Chen, T.-Y., Ferrante, Y., Parkin, S. S. P., & Pai, C.-F. (2019). Current-induced magnetization switching by the high spin hall conductivity α-W. Physica Status Solidi RRL - Rapid Research Letters, 2019: 1900408. doi:10.1002/pssr.201900408.

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https://doi.org/10.1002/pssr.201900408 (Publisher version)
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Liao, Wei-Bang1, Author
Chen, Tian-Yue1, Author
Ferrante, Yari1, Author
Parkin, Stuart S. P.2, Author                 
Pai, Chi-Feng1, Author
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1External Organizations, ou_persistent22              
2Nano-Systems from Ions, Spins and Electrons, Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_3287476              

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 Abstract: The spin Hall effect originating from 5d heavy transition-metal thin films such as Pt, Ta, and W is able to generate efficient spin–orbit torques that can switch adjacent magnetic layers. This mechanism can serve as an alternative to conventional spin-transfer torque for controlling next-generation magnetic memories. Among all 5d transition metals, W in its resistive amorphous phase typically shows the largest spin–orbit torque efficiency ≈0.20–0.50. In contrast, its conductive and crystalline α phase possesses a significantly smaller efficiency of ≈0.03 and no spin–orbit torque switching is realized using α-W thin films as the spin Hall source. Herein, through a comprehensive study of high-quality W/CoFeB/MgO and the reversed MgO/CoFeB/W magnetic heterostructures, it is shown that although amorphous-W has a greater spin–orbit torque efficiency, the spin Hall conductivity of α-W (|σSHα-W|=3.71×105 Ω-1 m-1) is ≈3.5 times larger than that of amorphous W (|σSHamorphous-W|=1.05×105 Ω-1 m-1). Moreover, spin–orbit torque-driven magnetization switching using a MgO/CoFeB/α-W heterostructure is demonstrated. The findings suggest that the conductive and high spin Hall conductivity α-W is a potential candidate for future low-power consumption spin–orbit torque memory applications.

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 Dates: 2019-08-082019-11
 Publication Status: Issued
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 Identifiers: BibTex Citekey: P13803
DOI: 10.1002/pssr.201900408
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Title: Physica Status Solidi RRL - Rapid Research Letters
  Abbreviation : Phys. Status Solidi RRL
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Weinheim : WILEY-VCH
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 2019 Sequence Number: 1900408 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 1862-6270
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1862-6270