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  Ancient DNA analysis

Orlando, L., Allaby, R., Skoglund, P., Sarkissian, C. D., Stockhammer, P. W., Ávila-Arcos, M. C., et al. (2021). Ancient DNA analysis. Nature reviews: Methods primers, 1(14): s43586-020-00011-0. doi:10.1038/s43586-020-00011-0.

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 Urheber:
Orlando, Ludovic, Autor
Allaby, Robin, Autor
Skoglund, Pontus, Autor
Sarkissian, Clio Der, Autor
Stockhammer, Philipp W.1, Autor           
Ávila-Arcos, María C., Autor
Fu, Qiaomei, Autor
Krause, Johannes1, Autor           
Willerslev, Eske, Autor
Stone, Anne C., Autor
Warinner, Christina G.1, Autor           
Affiliations:
1Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society, ou_2074310              

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Schlagwörter: Archaeology, Evolutionary biology, Evolutionary genetics, Population genetics
 Zusammenfassung: Although the first ancient DNA molecules were extracted more than three decades ago, the first ancient nuclear genomes could only be characterized after high-throughput sequencing was invented. Genome-scale data have now been gathered from thousands of ancient archaeological specimens, and the number of ancient biological tissues amenable to genome sequencing is growing steadily. Ancient DNA fragments are typically ultrashort molecules and carry extensive amounts of chemical damage accumulated after death. Their extraction, manipulation and authentication require specific experimental wet-laboratory and dry-laboratory procedures before patterns of genetic variation from past individuals, populations and species can be interpreted. Ancient DNA data help to address an entire array of questions in anthropology, evolutionary biology and the environmental and archaeological sciences. The data have revealed a considerably more dynamic past than previously appreciated and have revolutionized our understanding of many major prehistoric and historic events. This Primer provides an overview of concepts and state-of-the-art methods underlying ancient DNA analysis and illustrates the diversity of resulting applications. The article also addresses some of the ethical challenges associated with the destructive analysis of irreplaceable material, emphasizes the need to fully involve archaeologists and stakeholders as part of the research design and analytical process, and discusses future perspectives.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2021-02-11
 Publikationsstatus: Online veröffentlicht
 Seiten: 26
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: Experimentation
- Material types
- Ethical aDNA research
- Writing archaeogenetic prehistory
- aDNA facilities
- DNA extraction
- Post-mortem DNA damage removal
- Mini-barcode PCR amplification
- DNA library construction
- DNA library amplification
- Target enrichment
- DNA sequencing
- Information management systems
Results
- Read processing and alignment
- Authentification
- Error rates
- Molecular sexing and kinship
- Multivariate analyses
- Population ancestry modelling
- Genotype imputation
- Microbiota profiling
- DNA methylation
Applications
- Human genomics
- Domestication
- Pathogens and microbiomes
- Extinction and climate change
- Environmental DNA
Reproducibility and data deposition
- Possible confounding factors
- Public repositories
- Long-term legacy
Limitations and optimization
- Wet-laboratory methods
- Dry-laboratory methods
Outlook
- Working together
- Who conducts aDNA research?
- Future directions
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.1038/s43586-020-00011-0
Anderer: shh2979
 Art des Abschluß: -

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Projektname : DAIRYCULTURES
Grant ID : 804844
Förderprogramm : Horizon 2020 (H2020)
Förderorganisation : European Commission (EC)

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Titel: Nature reviews: Methods primers
  Andere : Nature reviews
  Kurztitel : Nat Rev Methods Primers
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Affiliations:
Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: London : Nature Research
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 1 (14) Artikelnummer: s43586-020-00011-0 Start- / Endseite: - Identifikator: ISSN: 2662-8449
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/2662-8449