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  Hydrated Peridotite - Basaltic Melt Interaction Part I: Planetary Felsic Crust Formation at Shallow Depth

Borisova, A. Y., Zagrtdenov, N. R., Toplis, M. J., Bohrson, W. A., Nedelec, A., Safonov, O. G., et al. (2021). Hydrated Peridotite - Basaltic Melt Interaction Part I: Planetary Felsic Crust Formation at Shallow Depth. Frontiers in Earth Science, 9: 640464. doi:10.3389/feart.2021.640464.

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 Creators:
Borisova, Anastassia Y.1, Author
Zagrtdenov, Nail R.1, Author
Toplis, Michael J.1, Author
Bohrson, Wendy A.1, Author
Nedelec, Anne1, Author
Safonov, Oleg G.1, Author
Pokrovski, Gleb S.1, Author
Ceuleneer, Georges1, Author
Bindeman, Ilya N.1, Author
Melnik, Oleg E.1, Author
Jochum, Klaus Peter1, Author
Stoll, Brigitte1, Author
Weis, Ulrike2, Author           
Bychkov, Andrew Y.1, Author
Gurenko, Andrey A.1, Author
Shcheka, Svyatoslav1, Author
Terehin, Artem1, Author
Polukeev, Vladimir M.1, Author
Varlamov, Dmitry A.1, Author
Chariteiro, Kouassi1, Author
Gouy, Sophie1, Authorde Parseval, Philippe1, Author more..
Affiliations:
1external, ou_persistent22              
2Climate Geochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_2237635              

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 Abstract: Current theories suggest that the first continental crust on Earth, and possibly on other terrestrial planets, may have been produced early in their history by direct melting of hydrated peridotite. However, the conditions, mechanisms and necessary ingredients for this crustal formation remain elusive. To fill this gap, we conducted time-series experiments to investigate the reaction of serpentinite with variable proportions (from 0 to 87 wt%) of basaltic melt at temperatures of 1,250–1,300°C and pressures of 0.2–1.0 GPa (corresponding to lithostatic depths of ∼5–30 km). The experiments at 0.2 GPa reveal the formation of forsterite-rich olivine (Fo90–94) and chromite coexisting with silica-rich liquids (57–71 wt% SiO2). These melts share geochemical similarities with tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite rocks (TTG) identified in modern terrestrial oceanic mantle settings. By contrast, liquids formed at pressures of 1.0 GPa are poorer in silica (∼50 wt% SiO2). Our results suggest a new mechanism for the formation of the embryonic continental crust via aqueous fluid-assisted partial melting of peridotite at relatively low pressures (∼0.2 GPa). We hypothesize that such a mechanism of felsic crust formation may have been widespread on the early Earth and, possibly on Mars as well, before the onset of modern plate tectonics and just after solidification of the first ultramafic-mafic magma ocean and alteration of this primitive protocrust by seawater at depths of less than 10 km.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2021-05-28
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
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 Table of Contents: -
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 Identifiers: ISI: 000660109600001
DOI: 10.3389/feart.2021.640464
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Title: Frontiers in Earth Science
  Abbreviation : Front. Earth Sci.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 9 Sequence Number: 640464 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 2296-6463
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/2296-6463