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  Social factors and the prevalence of social isolation in a population-based adult cohort

Röhr, S., Wittmann, F., Engel, C., Enzenbach, C., Witte, A. V., Villringer, A., et al. (2021). Social factors and the prevalence of social isolation in a population-based adult cohort. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. doi:10.1007/s00127-021-02174-x.

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 Creators:
Röhr, Susanne1, 2, Author
Wittmann, Felix1, Author
Engel, Christoph3, 4, Author
Enzenbach, Cornelia3, 4, Author
Witte, A. Veronica5, Author           
Villringer, Arno5, 6, Author           
Löffler, Markus3, 4, Author
Riedel-Heller, Steffi G.1, Author
Affiliations:
1Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University Hospital Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
2Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland, ou_persistent22              
3Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
4Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases (LIFE), University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
5Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634549              
6Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: Prevalence; Social isolation; Social exclusion; Epidemiology; Cohort study; Social factors; Socioeconomic status
 Abstract:

Purpose: Social isolation has negative effects on physical and brain health across the lifespan. However, the prevalence of social isolation, specifically with regard to sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, is not well known.

Methods: Database was the Leipzig population-based study of adults (LIFE-Adult Study, n = 10,000). The short form of the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6) was used to assess social isolation (cutoff < 12 points). Sampling weights were applied to account for differences in sampling fractions.

Results: Data were available for 9392 study participants; 51.6% were women, the mean age was 45.2 years (SD = 17.3). The prevalence of social isolation was 12.3% (95% CI 11.6-13.0) across ages 18-79 years. Social isolation was more prevalent in men (13.8%, 95% CI 12.8-14.8) compared to women (10.9%, 95% CI 10.0-11.8; [Formula: see text] (1) = 18.83, p < .001), and it showed an increase with increasing age from 5.4% (95% CI 4.7-6.0) in the youngest age group (18-39 years) to 21.7% (95% CI 19.5-24.0) in the oldest age group (70-79 years; [Formula: see text] (4) = 389.51, p < .001). Prevalence differed largely with regard to socioeconomic status (SES); showing lower prevalence in high SES (7.2%, 95% CI 6.0-8.4) and higher prevalence in low SES (18.6%, 95% CI 16.9-20.3; [Formula: see text] (2) = 115.78; p < .001).

Conclusion: More than one in ten individuals in the adult population reported social isolation, and prevalence varied strongly with regard to sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors. Social isolation was particularly frequent in disadvantaged socioeconomic groups. From a public health perspective, effective prevention of and intervention against social isolation should be a desired target as social isolation leads to poor health. Countermeasures should especially take into account the socioeconomic determinants of social isolation, applying a life-course perspective.

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 Dates: 2021-05-182021-09-062021-09-17
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02174-x
Other: online ahead of print
PMID: 34533607
PMC: PMC8445781
 Degree: -

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Title: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
  Other : Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Berlin : Springer-Verlag
Pages: - Volume / Issue: - Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 0933-7954
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925570837