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Free keywords:
axon fasciculation
axon guidance
Eph-related receptors
palate
formation
tyrosine kinase
protein-tyrosine kinase
embryonic stem-cells
interpeduncular nucleus
corpus-callosum
nervous-system
eph family
ligand
gene
cloning
growth
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
Abstract:
Sek4 and Nuk are members of the Eph-related family of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases. These receptors interact with a set of cell surface ligands that have recently been implicated in axon guidance and fasciculation. We now demonstrate that the formation of the corpus callosum and anterior commissure, two major commissural axon tracts that connect the two cerebral hemispheres, is critically dependent on Sek4 and Nuk. While mice deficient in Nuk exhibit defects in pathfinding of anterior commissure axons, sek4 mutants have defects in corpus callosum formation. The phenotype in both axon tracts is markedly more severe in sek4/nuk(1) double mutants, indicating that the two receptors act in a partially redundant fashion. sek4/nuk(1) double mutants also exhibit specific guidance and fasciculation defects of diencephalic axon tracts. Moreover, while mice singly deficient in either Sek4 or Nuk are viable, most sek4/nuk(1) double mutants die immediately after birth primarily due to a cleft palate. These results demonstrate essential and cooperative functions for Sek4 and Nuk in establishing axon pathways in the developing brain, and during the development of facial structures.
