LMC N132D: A mature supernova remnant with a power-law gamma-ray spectrum 
extending beyond 8 TeV

H.E.S.S. Collaboration; Abdalla, H.; Aharonian, F.; Ait Benkhali, F.; Angüner, E. O.; Arcaro, C.; Armand, C.; Armstrong, T.; Ashkar, H.; Backes, M.; Baghmanyan, V.; Barbosa Martins, V.; Barnacka, A.; Barnard, M.; Batzofin, R.; Becherini, Y.; Berge, D.; Bernlöhr, K.; Bi, B.; Böttcher, M.; Boisson, C.; Bolmont, J.; Bony de de Lavergne, M.; Breuhaus, M.; Brose, R.; Brun, F.; Bulik, T.; Bylund, T.; Cangemi, F.; Caroff, S.; Casanova, S.; Catalano, J.; Chambery, P.; Chand, T.; Chen, A.; Cotter, G.; Curyło, M.; Damascene Mbarubucyeye, J.; Davids, I. D.; Davies, J.; Devin, J.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; Dmytriiev, A.; Donath, A.; Doroshenko, V.; Dreyer, L.; Du Plessis, L.; Duffy, C.; Egberts, K.; Einecke, S.; Ernenwein, J.-P.; Fegan, S.; Feijen, K.; Fiasson, A.; Fichet de Clairfontaine, G.; Fontaine, G.; Lott, F.; Füßling, M.; Funk, S.; Gabici, S.; Gallant, Y. A.; Giavitto, G.; Giunti, L.; Glawion, D.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Grondin, M.-H.; Hattingh, S.; Haupt, M.; Hermann, G.; Hinton, J. A.; Hofmann, W.; Hoischen, C.; Holch, T. L.; Holler, M.; Hörbe, M.; Horns, D.; Huang, Zhiqiu; Huber, D.; Jamrozy, M.; Jankowsky, F.; Joshi, V.; Jung-Richardt, I.; Kasai, E.; Katarzyński, K.; Katz, U.; Khangulyan, D.; Khélifi, B.; Klepser, S.; Kluźniak, W.; Komin, Nu.; Konno, R.; Kosack, K.; Kostunin, D.; Kreter, M.; Kukec Mezek, G.; Kundu, A.; Lamanna, G.; Le Stum, S.; Lemière, A.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lenain, J.-P.; Leuschner, F.; Levy, C.; Lohse, T.; Luashvili, A.; Lypova, I.; Mackey, J.; Majumdar, J.; Malyshev, D.; Malyshev, D.; Marandon, V.; Marchegiani, P.; Marcowith, A.; Mares, A.; Martí-Devesa, G.; Marx, R.; Maurin, G.; Meintjes, P. J.; Meyer, M.; Mitchell, A.; Moderski, R.; Mohrmann, L.; Montanari, A.; Moore, C.; Moulin, E.; Muller, J.; Murach, T.; Nakashima, K.; de Naurois, M.; Nayerhoda, A.; Ndiyavala, H.; Niemiec, J.; Priyana Noel, A.; O’Brien, P.; Oberholzer, L.; Odaka, H.; Ohm, S.; Olivera Nieto, L.; de Ona Wilhelmi, E.; Ostrowski, M.; Panny, S.; Panter, M.; Parsons, R. D.; Peron, G.; Pita, S.; Poireau, V.; Prokhorov, D. A.; Prokoph, H.; Pühlhofer, G.; Punch, M.; Quirrenbach, A.; Reichherzer, P.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Remy, Q.; Renaud, M.; Reville, B.; Rieger, F.; Romoli, C.; Rowell, G.; Rudak, B.; Rueda Ricarte, H.; Ruiz-Velasco, E.; Sahakian, V.; Sailer, S.; Salzmann, H.; Sanchez, D. A.; Santangelo, A.; Sasaki, M.; Schäfer, J.; Schüssler, F.; Schutte, H. M.; Schwanke, U.; Senniappan, M.; Seyffert, A. S.; Shapopi, J. N. S.; Shiningayamwe, K.; Simoni, R.; Sinha, A.; Sol, H.; Specovius, A.; Spencer, S.; Spir-Jacob, M.; Stawarz, Ł.; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, C.; Steinmassl, S.; Steppa, C.; Sun, L.; Takahashi, T.; Tanaka, T.; Tavernier, T.; Taylor, A. M.; Terrier, R.; Thiersen, J. H. E.; Thorpe-Morgan, C.; Tluczykont, M.; Tomankova, L.; Tsirou, M.; Tsuji, N.; Tuffs, R.; Uchiyama, Y.; van der Walt, D. J.; van Eldik, C.; van Rensburg, C.; van Soelen, B.; Vasileiadis, G.; Veh, J.; Venter, C.; Vincent, P.; Vink, J.; Völk, H. J.; Wagner, S. J.; Watson, J.; Hofmann, W.; White, R.; Wierzcholska, A.; Wong, Yu Wun; Yassin, H.; Yusafzai, A.; Zacharias, M.; Zanin, R.; Zargaryan, D.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Zech, A.; Zhu, S. J.; Zmija, A.; Zouari, S.; Żywucka, N.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141486

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LMC N132D: A mature supernova remnant with a power-law gamma-ray spectrum extending beyond 8 TeV

H.E.S.S. Collaboration, Abdalla, H., Aharonian, F., Ait Benkhali, F., Angüner, E. O., Arcaro, C., et al. (2021). LMC N132D: A mature supernova remnant with a power-law gamma-ray spectrum extending beyond 8 TeV. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 655: A7. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141486.

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Creators:
H.E.S.S. Collaboration, Author
Abdalla, H., Author
Aharonian, F.¹, Author
Ait Benkhali, F.¹, Author
Angüner, E. O., Author
Arcaro, C., Author
Armand, C., Author
Armstrong, T., Author
Ashkar, H., Author
Backes, M., Author
Baghmanyan, V., Author
Barbosa Martins, V. , Author
Barnacka, A., Author
Barnard, M., Author
Batzofin, R., Author
Becherini, Y., Author
Berge, D., Author
Bernlöhr, K.¹, Author
Bi, B., Author
Böttcher, M., Author
Boisson, C., AuthorBolmont, J., AuthorBony de de Lavergne, M. , AuthorBreuhaus, M.¹, Author         Brose, R., AuthorBrun, F., AuthorBulik, T., AuthorBylund, T., AuthorCangemi, F., AuthorCaroff, S., AuthorCasanova, S., AuthorCatalano, J., AuthorChambery, P., AuthorChand, T., AuthorChen, A., AuthorCotter, G., AuthorCuryło, M., AuthorDamascene Mbarubucyeye, J. , AuthorDavids, I. D., AuthorDavies, J., AuthorDevin, J., AuthorDjannati-Ataï, A., AuthorDmytriiev, A., AuthorDonath, A.¹, Author         Doroshenko, V., AuthorDreyer, L., AuthorDu Plessis, L. , AuthorDuffy, C., AuthorEgberts, K., AuthorEinecke, S., AuthorErnenwein, J.-P., AuthorFegan, S., AuthorFeijen, K., AuthorFiasson, A., AuthorFichet de Clairfontaine, G. , AuthorFontaine, G., AuthorLott, F., AuthorFüßling, M., AuthorFunk, S., AuthorGabici, S., AuthorGallant, Y. A., AuthorGiavitto, G., AuthorGiunti, L., AuthorGlawion, D., AuthorGlicenstein, J. F., AuthorGrondin, M.-H., AuthorHattingh, S., AuthorHaupt, M., AuthorHermann, G.¹, Author         Hinton, J. A.¹, Author         Hofmann, W.², Author         Hoischen, C., AuthorHolch, T. L., AuthorHoller, M., AuthorHörbe, M., AuthorHorns, D., AuthorHuang, Zhiqiu³, Author         Huber, D., AuthorJamrozy, M., AuthorJankowsky, F., AuthorJoshi, V., AuthorJung-Richardt, I., AuthorKasai, E., AuthorKatarzyński, K., AuthorKatz, U., AuthorKhangulyan, D., AuthorKhélifi, B., AuthorKlepser, S., AuthorKluźniak, W., AuthorKomin, Nu., AuthorKonno, R., AuthorKosack, K., AuthorKostunin, D., AuthorKreter, M., AuthorKukec Mezek, G. , AuthorKundu, A., AuthorLamanna, G., AuthorLe Stum, S., AuthorLemière, A., AuthorLemoine-Goumard, M., AuthorLenain, J.-P., AuthorLeuschner, F., AuthorLevy, C., AuthorLohse, T., AuthorLuashvili, A., AuthorLypova, I., AuthorMackey, J., AuthorMajumdar, J., AuthorMalyshev, D., AuthorMalyshev, D., AuthorMarandon, V.¹, Author         Marchegiani, P., AuthorMarcowith, A., AuthorMares, A., AuthorMartí-Devesa, G., AuthorMarx, R., AuthorMaurin, G., AuthorMeintjes, P. J., AuthorMeyer, M., AuthorMitchell, A.⁴, Author         Moderski, R., AuthorMohrmann, L., AuthorMontanari, A., AuthorMoore, C., AuthorMoulin, E., AuthorMuller, J., AuthorMurach, T., AuthorNakashima, K., Authorde Naurois, M., AuthorNayerhoda, A., AuthorNdiyavala, H., AuthorNiemiec, J., AuthorPriyana Noel, A. , AuthorO’Brien, P., AuthorOberholzer, L., AuthorOdaka, H., AuthorOhm, S., AuthorOlivera Nieto, L.¹, Author         de Ona Wilhelmi, E. , AuthorOstrowski, M., AuthorPanny, S., AuthorPanter, M.¹, Author         Parsons, R. D., AuthorPeron, G.¹, Author         Pita, S., AuthorPoireau, V., AuthorProkhorov, D. A., AuthorProkoph, H., AuthorPühlhofer, G., AuthorPunch, M., AuthorQuirrenbach, A., AuthorReichherzer, P., AuthorReimer, A., AuthorReimer, O., AuthorRemy, Q.¹, Author         Renaud, M., AuthorReville, B.³, Author         Rieger, F.¹, Author         Romoli, C.¹, Author         Rowell, G., AuthorRudak, B., AuthorRueda Ricarte, H. , AuthorRuiz-Velasco, E.¹, Author         Sahakian, V., AuthorSailer, S.¹, Author         Salzmann, H., AuthorSanchez, D. A., AuthorSantangelo, A., AuthorSasaki, M., AuthorSchäfer, J., AuthorSchüssler, F., AuthorSchutte, H. M., AuthorSchwanke, U., AuthorSenniappan, M., AuthorSeyffert, A. S., AuthorShapopi, J. N. S., AuthorShiningayamwe, K., AuthorSimoni, R., AuthorSinha, A., AuthorSol, H., AuthorSpecovius, A., AuthorSpencer, S., AuthorSpir-Jacob, M., AuthorStawarz, Ł., AuthorSteenkamp, R., AuthorStegmann, C., AuthorSteinmassl, S.¹, Author         Steppa, C., AuthorSun, L., AuthorTakahashi, T., AuthorTanaka, T., AuthorTavernier, T., AuthorTaylor, A. M., AuthorTerrier, R., AuthorThiersen, J. H. E., AuthorThorpe-Morgan, C., AuthorTluczykont, M., AuthorTomankova, L., AuthorTsirou, M.³, Author         Tsuji, N., AuthorTuffs, R.¹, Author         Uchiyama, Y., Authorvan der Walt, D. J., Authorvan Eldik, C., Authorvan Rensburg, C., Authorvan Soelen, B., AuthorVasileiadis, G., AuthorVeh, J., AuthorVenter, C., AuthorVincent, P., AuthorVink, J., AuthorVölk, H. J.⁵, Author         Wagner, S. J., AuthorWatson, J., AuthorHofmann, W.², Author         White, R.¹, Author         Wierzcholska, A., AuthorWong, Yu Wun, AuthorYassin, H., AuthorYusafzai, A., AuthorZacharias, M., AuthorZanin, R.¹, Author         Zargaryan, D., AuthorZdziarski, A. A., AuthorZech, A., AuthorZhu, S. J., AuthorZmija, A., AuthorZouari, S., AuthorŻywucka, N., Author more..

Affiliations:
1Division Prof. Dr. James A. Hinton, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_2074298
2Prof. Werner Hofmann, Emeriti, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_3188608
3Brian Reville, Astrophysical Plasma Theory (APT) - Max Planck Research Group, Junior Research Groups, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_3055242
4Division Prof. Dr. Werner Hofmann, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_904550
5Prof. Heinrich J. Völk, Emeriti, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_907548

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Free keywords: gamma rays: general / cosmic rays / ISM: supernova remnants

MPINP: HESS - Abteilung Hinton

Abstract: Context. Supernova remnants (SNRs) are commonly thought to be the dominant sources of Galactic cosmic rays up to the knee of the cosmic-ray spectrum at a few PeV. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes have revealed young SNRs as very-high-energy (VHE, >100 GeV) gamma-ray sources, but for only a few SNRs the hadronic cosmic-ray origin of their gamma-ray emission is indisputably established. In all these cases, the gamma-ray spectra exhibit a spectral cutoff at energies much below 100 TeV and thus do not reach the PeVatron regime.

Aims. The aim of this work was to achieve a firm detection for the oxygen-rich SNR LMC N132D in the VHE gamma-ray domain with an extended set of data, and to clarify the spectral characteristics and the localization of the gamma-ray emission from this exceptionally powerful gamma-ray-emitting SNR.

Methods. We analyzed 252 h of High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) observations towards SNR N132D that were accumulated between December 2004 and March 2016 during a deep survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud, adding 104 h of observations to the previously published data set to ensure a > 5σ detection. To broaden the gamma-ray spectral coverage required for modeling the spectral energy distribution, an analysis of Fermi-LAT Pass 8 data was also included.

Results. We unambiguously detect N132D at VHE with a significance of 5.7σ. We report the results of a detailed analysis of its spectrum and localization based on the extended H.E.S.S. data set. The joint analysis of the extended H.E.S.S and Fermi-LAT data results in a spectral energy distribution in the energy range from 1.7 GeV to 14.8 TeV, which suggests a high luminosity of N132D at GeV and TeV energies. We set a lower limit on a gamma-ray cutoff energy of 8 TeV with a confidence level of 95%. The new gamma-ray spectrum as well as multiwavelength observations of N132D when compared to physical models suggests a hadronic origin of the VHE gamma-ray emission.

Conclusions. SNR N132D is a VHE gamma-ray source that shows a spectrum extending to the VHE domain without a spectral cutoff at a few TeV, unlike the younger oxygen-rich SNR Cassiopeia A. The gamma-ray emission is best explained by a dominant hadronic component formed by diffusive shock acceleration. The gamma-ray properties of N132D may be affected by an interaction with a nearby molecular cloud that partially lies inside the 95% confidence region of the source position.

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Dates: Published Online: 2021-10-28

Publication Status: Published online

Pages: 13

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Identifiers: ISI: 000712071700009
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202141486

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Title: Astronomy and Astrophysics

Other : Astron. Astrophys.

Source Genre: Journal

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Publ. Info: Les Ulis Cedex A France : EDP Sciences

Pages: - Volume / Issue: 655 Sequence Number: A7 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 1432-0746
ISSN: 0004-6361
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954922828219_1