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  The GRAVITY young stellar object survey - VIII. Gas and dust faint inner rings in the hybrid disk of HD141569

Ganci, V., Labadie, L., Klarmann, L., de Valon, A., Perraut, K., Benisty, M., et al. (2021). The GRAVITY young stellar object survey - VIII. Gas and dust faint inner rings in the hybrid disk of HD141569. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 655: A112. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141103.

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Ganci, V., Author
Labadie, L., Author
Klarmann, L., Author
de Valon, A., Author
Perraut, K., Author
Benisty, M., Author
Brandner, W., Author
Garatti, A. Caratti o, Author
Dougados, C., Author
Eupen, F., Author
Lopez, R. Garcia, Author
Grellmann, R., Author
Sanchez-Bermudez, J., Author
Wojtczak, A., Author
Garcia, P., Author
Amorim, A., Author
Bauböck, M.1, Author           
Berger, J.-P., Author
Caselli, P.2, Author           
Clénet, Y., Author
du Foresto, V. Coudé, Authorde Zeeuw, P. T.1, Author           Drescher, A.1, Author           Duvert, G., AuthorEckart, A., AuthorEisenhauer, F.1, Author           Filho, M., AuthorGao, F.3, Author           Gendron, E., AuthorGenzel, R.1, Author           Gillessen, S.1, Author           Heissel, G., AuthorHenning, T., AuthorHippler, S., AuthorHorrobin, M., AuthorHubert, Z., AuthorJiménez-Rosales, Alejandra1, Author           Jocou, L., AuthorKervella, P., AuthorLacour, S., AuthorLapeyrère, V., AuthorLe Bouquin, J.-B., AuthorLéna, P., AuthorOtt, T.1, Author           Paumard, T., AuthorPerrin, G., AuthorPfuhl, O., AuthorHeißel, G., AuthorRousset, G., AuthorScheithauer, S., AuthorShangguan, J., AuthorShimizu, T.1, Author           Stadler, J.1, Author           Straub, O.1, Author           Straubmeier, C., AuthorSturm, E.1, Author           Dishoeck, E. van1, Author           Vincent, F., AuthorFellenberg, S. D. von1, Author           Widmann, F.1, Author           Woillez, J., Author more..
Affiliations:
1Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_159889              
2Center for Astrochemical Studies at MPE, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_1950287              
3Nano-Systems from Ions, Spins and Electrons, Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_3287476              

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 Abstract: Context. The formation and evolution of planetary systems impact the evolution of the primordial accretion disk in its dust and gas content. HD 141569 is a peculiar object in this context as it is the only known pre-main sequence star characterized by a hybrid disk. Observations with 8 m class telescopes probed the outer-disk structure showing a complex system of multiple rings and outer spirals. Furthermore, interferometric observations attempted to characterize its inner 5 au region, but derived limited constraints.
Aims. The goal of this work was to explore with new high-resolution interferometric observations the geometry, properties, and dynamics of the dust and gas in the internal regions of HD 141569.
Methods. We observed HD 141569 on milliarcsecond scales with GRAVITY/VLTI in the near-infrared (IR) at low (R ~ 20) and high (R ~ 4000) spectral resolution. We interpreted the interferometric visibilities and spectral energy distribution with geometrical models and through radiative transfer techniques using the code MCMax to constrain the dust emission. We analyzed the high spectral resolution quantities (visibilities and differential phases) to investigate the properties of the Brackett-γ (Brγ) line emitting region.
Results. Thanks to the combination of three different epochs, GRAVITY resolves the inner dusty disk in the K band with squared visibilities down to V2 ~ 0.8. A differential phase signal is also detected in the region of the Brγ line along most of the six baselines. Data modeling shows that an IR excess of about 6% is spatially resolved and that the origin of this emission is confined in a ring of material located at a radius of ~1 au from the star with a width ≲0.3 au. The MCMax modeling suggests that this emission could originate from a small amount (1.4 × 10−8 M) of quantum-heated particles, while large silicate grain models cannot reproduce at the same time the observational constraints on the properties of near-IR and mid-IR fluxes. The high spectral resolution differential phases in the Brγ line clearly show an S-shape that can be best reproduced with a gaseous disk in Keplerian rotation, confined within 0.09 au (or 12.9 R). This is also hinted at by the double-peaked Brγ emission line shape, known from previous observations and confirmed by GRAVITY. The modeling of the continuum and gas emission shows that the inclination and position angle of these two components are consistent with a system showing relatively coplanar rings on all scales.
Conclusions. With a new and unique observational dataset on HD 141569, we show that the complex disk of this source is composed of a multitude of rings on all scales. This aspect makes HD 141569 a potentially unique source to investigate planet formation and disk evolution in intermediate-mass pre-main sequence stars.

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 Dates: 2021-12-01
 Publication Status: Published online
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 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202141103
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Title: Astronomy and Astrophysics
  Other : Astron. Astrophys.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: France : EDP Sciences S A
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 655 Sequence Number: A112 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 1432-0746
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954922828219_1