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  Mass distribution in the Galactic Center based on interferometric astrometry of multiple stellar orbits

Abuter, R., Aimar, N., Amorim, A., Ball, J., Bauböck, M., Berger, J. P., et al. (2022). Mass distribution in the Galactic Center based on interferometric astrometry of multiple stellar orbits. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 657: L12. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142465.

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Mass distribution in the Galactic Center based on interferometric astrometry of multiple stellar orbits.pdf (beliebiger Volltext), 8MB
 
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Abuter, R., Autor
Aimar, N., Autor
Amorim, A., Autor
Ball, J., Autor
Bauböck, M.1, Autor           
Berger, J. P., Autor
Bonnet, H., Autor
Bourdarot, G.2, Autor           
Brandner, W., Autor
Cardoso, V., Autor
Clénet, Y., Autor
Dallilar, Y.1, Autor           
Davies, R.1, Autor           
de Zeeuw, P. T.1, Autor           
Dexter, J.1, Autor           
Drescher, A.1, Autor           
Eisenhauer, F.1, Autor           
Förster Schreiber, N. M.1, Autor           
Foschi, A., Autor
Garcia, P., Autor
Gao, F.1, Autor           Gendron, E., AutorGenzel, R.1, Autor           Gillessen, S.1, Autor           Habibi, M.1, Autor           Haubois, X., AutorHeißel, G., AutorHenning, T., AutorHippler, S., AutorHorrobin, M., AutorJochum, L., AutorJocou, L., AutorKaufer, A., AutorKervella, P., AutorLacour, S., AutorLapeyrère, V., AutorLe Bouquin, J.-B., AutorLéna, P., AutorLutz, D.1, Autor           Ott, T.1, Autor           Paumard, T., AutorPerraut, K., AutorPerrin, G., AutorPfuhl, O.1, Autor           Rabien, S.1, Autor           Shangguan, J.1, Autor           Shimizu, T.1, Autor           Scheithauer, S., AutorStadler, J., AutorStephens, A.W., AutorStraub, O.1, Autor           Straubmeier, C., AutorSturm, E.1, Autor           Tacconi, L. J.1, Autor           Tristram, K. R. W., AutorVincent, F., AutorFellenberg, S. D. von1, Autor           Widmann, F.1, Autor           Wieprecht, E.1, Autor           Wiezorrek, E.1, Autor           Woillez, J., AutorYazici, S., AutorYoung, A.1, Autor            mehr..
Affiliations:
1Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_159889              
2MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_159888              

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 Zusammenfassung: Stars orbiting the compact radio source Sgr A* in the Galactic Center serve as precision probes of the gravitational field around the closest massive black hole. In addition to adaptive optics-assisted astrometry (with NACO/VLT) and spectroscopy (with SINFONI/VLT, NIRC2/Keck and GNIRS/Gemini) over three decades, we have obtained 30–100 μas astrometry since 2017 with the four-telescope interferometric beam combiner GRAVITY/VLTI, capable of reaching a sensitivity of mK = 20 when combining data from one night. We present the simultaneous detection of several stars within the diffraction limit of a single telescope, illustrating the power of interferometry in the field. The new data for the stars S2, S29, S38, and S55 yield significant accelerations between March and July 2021, as these stars pass the pericenters of their orbits between 2018 and 2023. This allows for a high-precision determination of the gravitational potential around Sgr A*. Our data are in excellent agreement with general relativity orbits around a single central point mass, M = 4.30 × 106 M, with a precision of about ±0.25%. We improve the significance of our detection of the Schwarzschild precession in the S2 orbit to 7σ. Assuming plausible density profiles, the extended mass component inside the S2 apocenter (≈0.23″ or 2.4 × 104 RS) must be ≲3000  M (1σ), or ≲0.1% of M. Adding the enclosed mass determinations from 13 stars orbiting Sgr A* at larger radii, the innermost radius at which the excess mass beyond Sgr A* is tentatively seen is r ≈ 2.5″ ≥ 10× the apocenter of S2. This is in full harmony with the stellar mass distribution (including stellar-mass black holes) obtained from the spatially resolved luminosity function.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2022-01-19
 Publikationsstatus: Online veröffentlicht
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 Art der Begutachtung: -
 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202142465
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Titel: Astronomy and Astrophysics
  Andere : Astron. Astrophys.
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: France : EDP Sciences S A
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 657 Artikelnummer: L12 Start- / Endseite: - Identifikator: ISSN: 1432-0746
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954922828219_1