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  Fossils, fish and tropical forests: prehistoric human adaptations on the island frontiers of Oceania

Roberts, P., Douka, K., Tromp, M., Bedford, S., Hawkins, S., Bouffandeau, L., et al. (2022). Fossils, fish and tropical forests: prehistoric human adaptations on the island frontiers of Oceania. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences, 377(1849): 20200495. doi:10.1098/rstb.2020.0495.

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 Creators:
Roberts, Patrick1, Author           
Douka, Katerina2, 3, Author           
Tromp, Monica2, Author           
Bedford, Stuart4, Author           
Hawkins, Stuart, Author
Bouffandeau, Laurie, Author
Ilgner, Jana2, Author           
Lucas, Mary2, Author           
Marzo, Sara2, Author           
Hamilton, Rebecca Jenner1, Author           
Ambrose, Wallace, Author
Bulbeck, David, Author
Luu, Sindy, Author
Shing, Richard, Author
Gosden, Chris, Author
Summerhayes, Glenn, Author
Spriggs, Matthew, Author
Affiliations:
1isoTROPIC, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society, ou_3383319              
2Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society, ou_2074312              
3FINDER, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society, ou_2541700              
4Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society, ou_2074311              

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Free keywords: stable isotope analysis, Near and Remote Oceania, Pleistocene, human dispersals, palaeoecology, tropics
 Abstract: Oceania is a key region for studying human dispersals, adaptations and interactions with other hominin populations. Although archaeological evidence now reveals occupation of the region by approximately 65–45 000 years ago, its human fossil record, which has the best potential to provide direct insights into ecological adaptations and population relationships, has remained much more elusive. Here, we apply radiocarbon dating and stable isotope approaches to the earliest human remains so far excavated on the islands of Near and Remote Oceania to explore the chronology and diets of the first preserved human individuals to step across these Pacific frontiers. We demonstrate that the oldest human (or indeed hominin) fossil outside of the mainland New Guinea-Aru area dates to approximately 11 800 years ago. Furthermore, although these early sea-faring populations have been associated with a specialized coastal adaptation, we show that Late Pleistocene–Holocene humans living on islands in the Bismarck Archipelago and in Vanuatu display a persistent reliance on interior tropical forest resources. We argue that local tropical habitats, rather than purely coasts or, later, arriving domesticates, should be emphasized in discussions of human diets and cultural practices from the onset of our species' arrival in this part of the world.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2022-03-072022-04-25
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: 13
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: 1. Introduction
2. Background
(a) Human colonization of near and remote Oceania
(b) Stable isotope analysis and past human adaptations in the tropics
3. Methods
(a) Radiocarbon dating
(b) Stable isotope analysis
(c) Phytolith analysis of dental calculus
4. Results
(a) Radiocarbon dating and Bayesian modelling
(b) Stable isotope analysis
(c) Phytolith analysis of dental calculus
5. Discussion and conclusion
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0495
Other: shh3163
 Degree: -

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Project name : FINDER
Grant ID : 715069
Funding program : Horizon 2020 (H2020)
Funding organization : European Commission (EC)
Project name : PANTROPOCENE
Grant ID : 850709
Funding program : Horizon 2020 (H2020)
Funding organization : European Commission (EC)

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Title: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences
  Other : Philosophical Transactions B
  Abbreviation : Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B
Source Genre: Journal
 Creator(s):
Affiliations:
Publ. Info: London : Royal Society
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 377 (1849) Sequence Number: 20200495 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 0962-8436
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/963017382021_1