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  “Broadband Alpha Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation”: Exploring a new biologically calibrated brain stimulation protocol

Janssens, S. E., Ten Oever, S., Sack, A. T., & de Graaf, T. A. (2022). “Broadband Alpha Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation”: Exploring a new biologically calibrated brain stimulation protocol. NeuroImage, 253: 119109. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119109.

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Janssens_etal_2022suppl_Broadband Alpha Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation.pdf (Supplementary material), 298KB
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Janssens_etal_2022_Broadband Alpha Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation.pdf (Publisher version), 2MB
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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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 Creators:
Janssens, Shanice E.W.1, 2, Author
Ten Oever, Sanne1, 3, 4, Author           
Sack, Alexander T.1, 2, 5, Author
de Graaf, Tom A.1, 2, Author
Affiliations:
1Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
2Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre (MBIC), Maastricht, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
3Language and Computation in Neural Systems, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_3217300              
4FC Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging , External Organizations, ou_55235              
5Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              

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 Abstract: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can be used to study causal contributions of oscillatory brain mechanisms to cognition and behavior. For instance, individual alpha frequency (IAF) tACS was reported to enhance alpha power and impact visuospatial attention performance. Unfortunately, such results have been inconsistent and difficult to replicate. In tACS, stimulation generally involves one frequency, sometimes individually calibrated to a peak value observed in an M/EEG power spectrum. Yet, the ‘peak’ actually observed in such power spectra often contains a broader range of frequencies, raising the question whether a biologically calibrated tACS protocol containing this fuller range of alpha-band frequencies might be more effective. Here, we introduce ‘Broadband-alpha-tACS’, a complex individually calibrated electrical stimulation protocol. We band-pass filtered left posterior resting-state EEG data around the IAF (+/- 2 Hz), and converted that time series into an electrical waveform for tACS stimulation of that same left posterior parietal cortex location. In other words, we stimulated a brain region with a ‘replay’ of its own alpha-band frequency content, based on spontaneous activity. Within-subjects (N=24), we compared to a sham tACS session the effects of broadband-alpha tACS, power-matched spectral inverse (‘alpha-removed’) control tACS, and individual alpha frequency tACS, on EEG alpha power and performance in an endogenous attention task previously reported to be affected by alpha tACS. Broadband-alpha-tACS significantly modulated attention task performance (i.e., reduced the rightward visuospatial attention bias in trials without distractors, and reduced attention benefits). Alpha-removed tACS also reduced the rightward visuospatial attention bias. IAF-tACS did not significantly modulate attention task performance compared to sham tACS, but also did not statistically significantly differ from broadband-alpha-tACS. This new broadband-alpha tACS approach seems promising, but should be further explored and validated in future studies.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2022-03-162022
 Publication Status: Issued
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 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119109
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Title: NeuroImage
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 253 Sequence Number: 119109 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 10538119