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  Evidence for two stages of prediction in non-native speakers: A visual-world eye-tracking study

Corps, R. E., Liao, M., & Pickering, M. J. (2023). Evidence for two stages of prediction in non-native speakers: A visual-world eye-tracking study. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 26(1), 231-243. doi:10.1017/S1366728922000499.

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© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.

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 Creators:
Corps, Ruth E.1, 2, Author           
Liao, Meijian2, Author
Pickering, Martin J. 2, Author
Affiliations:
1Psychology of Language Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_792545              
2University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, ou_persistent22              

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 Abstract: Comprehenders predict what a speaker is likely to say when listening to non-native (L2) and native (L1) utterances. But what are the characteristics of L2 prediction, and how does it relate to L1 prediction? We addressed this question in a visual-world eye-tracking experiment, which tested when L2 English comprehenders integrated perspective into their predictions. Male and female participants listened to male and female speakers producing sentences (e.g., I would like to wear the nice…) about stereotypically masculine (target: tie; distractor: drill) and feminine (target: dress; distractor: hairdryer) objects. Participants predicted associatively, fixating objects semantically associated with critical verbs (here, the tie and the dress). They also predicted stereotypically consistent objects (e.g., the tie rather than the dress, given the male speaker). Consistent predictions were made later than associative predictions, and were delayed for L2 speakers relative to L1 speakers. These findings suggest prediction involves both automatic and non-automatic stages.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2022-06-162023
 Publication Status: Issued
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 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1017/S1366728922000499
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Title: Bilingualism: Language and Cognition
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Cambridge University Press / UK
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 26 (1) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 231 - 243 Identifier: ISSN: 1366-7289
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925343779