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  Study protocol: A comprehensive multi-method neuroimaging approach to disentangle developmental effects and individual differences in second language learning

Menks, W. M., Ekerdt, C., Janzen, G., Kidd, E., Lemhöfer, K., Fernández, G., et al. (2022). Study protocol: A comprehensive multi-method neuroimaging approach to disentangle developmental effects and individual differences in second language learning. BMC Psychology, 10: 169. doi:10.1186/s40359-022-00873-x.

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Item Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000A-A22F-B Version Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000A-CA72-2
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 Creators:
Menks, Willeke Martine1, 2, Author           
Ekerdt, C.2, Author
Janzen, Gabriele2, 3, Author           
Kidd, Evan4, 5, 6, Author           
Lemhöfer, K.2, Author
Fernández, G.2, Author
McQueen, James M.2, 7, Author           
Affiliations:
1Psychology of Language Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_792545              
2Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, External Organizations, ou_55236              
3Radboud University Nijmegen, External Organizations, ou_3055479              
4Language Development Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_2340691              
5ARC Centre of Excellence for the Dynamics of Language, Canberra, Australia, ou_persistent22              
6Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, ou_persistent22              
7Research Associates, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_2344700              

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 Abstract: Background

While it is well established that second language (L2) learning success changes with age and across individuals, the underlying neural mechanisms responsible for this developmental shift and these individual differences are largely unknown. We will study the behavioral and neural factors that subserve new grammar and word learning in a large cross-sectional developmental sample. This study falls under the NWO (Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek [Dutch Research Council]) Language in Interaction consortium (website: https://www.languageininteraction.nl/).
Methods

We will sample 360 healthy individuals across a broad age range between 8 and 25 years. In this paper, we describe the study design and protocol, which involves multiple study visits covering a comprehensive behavioral battery and extensive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols. On the basis of these measures, we will create behavioral and neural fingerprints that capture age-based and individual variability in new language learning. The behavioral fingerprint will be based on first and second language proficiency, memory systems, and executive functioning. We will map the neural fingerprint for each participant using the following MRI modalities: T1‐weighted, diffusion-weighted, resting-state functional MRI, and multiple functional-MRI paradigms. With respect to the functional MRI measures, half of the sample will learn grammatical features and half will learn words of a new language. Combining all individual fingerprints allows us to explore the neural maturation effects on grammar and word learning.
Discussion

This will be one of the largest neuroimaging studies to date that investigates the developmental shift in L2 learning covering preadolescence to adulthood. Our comprehensive approach of combining behavioral and neuroimaging data will contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms influencing this developmental shift and individual differences in new language learning. We aim to answer: (I) do these fingerprints differ according to age and can these explain the age-related differences observed in new language learning? And (II) which aspects of the behavioral and neural fingerprints explain individual differences (across and within ages) in grammar and word learning? The results of this study provide a unique opportunity to understand how the development of brain structure and function influence new language learning success.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2022-06-222022-07-08
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00873-x
 Degree: -

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Title: BMC Psychology
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 10 Sequence Number: 169 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 2050-7283