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  Population modeling with machine learning can enhance measures of mental health

Dadi, K., Varoquaux, G., Houenou, J., Bzdok, D., Thirion, B., & Engemann, D. A. (2021). Population modeling with machine learning can enhance measures of mental health. GigaScience, 10(10): giab071. doi:10.1093/gigascience/giab071.

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 Urheber:
Dadi, Kamalaker1, Autor
Varoquaux, Gaël1, 2, 3, Autor
Houenou, Josselin4, 5, Autor
Bzdok, Danilo1, 3, 6, Autor
Thirion, Bertrand1, Autor
Engemann, Denis A.1, 7, Autor           
Affiliations:
1Parietal Team, Neurospin, Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique (INRIA), Gif-sur-Yvette, France, ou_persistent22              
2Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, QC, Canada, ou_persistent22              
3Mila – Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada, ou_persistent22              
4Neurospin, French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Saclay, France, ou_persistent22              
5Translational Psychiatry, Hospital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France, ou_persistent22              
6Department of Biomedical Engineering, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, ou_persistent22              
7Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634549              

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Schlagwörter: Brain imaging; Machine learning; Mental health; Proxy measures; Sociodemographic factors
 Zusammenfassung: Background: Biological aging is revealed by physical measures, e.g., DNA probes or brain scans. In contrast, individual differences in mental function are explained by psychological constructs, e.g., intelligence or neuroticism. These constructs are typically assessed by tailored neuropsychological tests that build on expert judgement and require careful interpretation. Could machine learning on large samples from the general population be used to build proxy measures of these constructs that do not require human intervention?

Results: Here, we built proxy measures by applying machine learning on multimodal MR images and rich sociodemographic information from the largest biomedical cohort to date: the UK Biobank. Objective model comparisons revealed that all proxies captured the target constructs and were as useful, and sometimes more useful, than the original measures for characterizing real-world health behavior (sleep, exercise, tobacco, alcohol consumption). We observed this complementarity of proxy measures and original measures at capturing multiple health-related constructs when modeling from, both, brain signals and sociodemographic data.

Conclusion: Population modeling with machine learning can derive measures of mental health from heterogeneous inputs including brain signals and questionnaire data. This may complement or even substitute for psychometric assessments in clinical populations.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2021-07-142021-03-102021-09-222021-10-15
 Publikationsstatus: Online veröffentlicht
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 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giab071
PMID: 34651172
PMC: PMC8559220
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Projektname : -
Grant ID : 438531
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Förderorganisation : Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
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Förderorganisation : Canada First Research Excellence Fund

Quelle 1

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Titel: GigaScience
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: Oxford : Oxford University Press
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 10 (10) Artikelnummer: giab071 Start- / Endseite: - Identifikator: ISSN: 2047-217X
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/2047-217X