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  Sourcing high tissue quality brains from deceased wild primates with known socio-ecology

Gräßle, T., Crockford, C., Eichner, C., Girard-Buttoz, C., Jäger, C., Kirilina, E., et al. (2023). Sourcing high tissue quality brains from deceased wild primates with known socio-ecology. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. doi:10.1111/2041-210X.14039.

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 Creators:
Gräßle, T., Author
Crockford, Catherine1, Author
Eichner, Cornelius2, Author                 
Girard-Buttoz, Cédric1, Author
Jäger, Carsten3, Author                 
Kirilina, Evgeniya3, Author                 
Lipp, Ilona3, Author                 
Düx, A., Author
Edwards, Luke3, Author                 
Jauch, A., Author
Kopp, Kathrin Susanne4, Author
Paquette, Michael2, Author                 
Pine, Kerrin3, Author                 
EBC Consortium, Author              
Haun, Daniel Benjamin Moritz5, Author
McElreath, Richard4, Author
Anwander, Alfred2, Author                 
Gunz, Philipp6, Author
Morawski, Markus3, Author                 
Friederici, Angela D.2, Author                 
Weiskopf, Nikolaus3, Author                 Leendertz, Fabian H.7, AuthorWittig, Roman M.1, Author                  more..
Affiliations:
1Chimpanzees, Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society, ou_2149636              
2Department Neuropsychology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634551              
3Department Neurophysics (Weiskopf), MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_2205649              
4Department of Human Behavior Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society, ou_2173689              
5Comparative Cognitive Anthropology, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_55209              
6Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society, ou_1497673              
7Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society, ou_1497674              

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Free keywords: Brain connectivity; Brain evolution; Brain extraction; Brain microstructure; Field necropsy; MRI; Socio-ecological factors
 Abstract:
The selection pressures that drove dramatic encephalisation processes through the mammal lineage remain elusive, as does knowledge of brain structure reorganisation through this process. In particular, considerable structural brain changes are present across the primate lineage, culminating in the complex human brain that allows for unique behaviours such as language and sophisticated tool use. To understand this evolution, a diverse sample set of humans' closest relatives with varying socio-ecologies is needed. However, current brain banks predominantly curate brains from primates that died in zoological gardens. We try to address this gap by establishing a field pipeline mitigating the challenges associated with brain extractions of wild primates in their natural habitat.
The success of our approach is demonstrated by our ability to acquire a novel brain sample of deceased primates with highly variable socio-ecological exposure and a particular focus on wild chimpanzees. Methods in acquiring brain tissue from wild settings are comprehensively explained, highlighting the feasibility of conducting brain extraction procedures under strict biosafety measures by trained veterinarians in field sites.
Brains are assessed at a fine-structural level via high-resolution MRI and state-of-the-art histology. Analyses confirm that excellent tissue quality of primate brains sourced in the field can be achieved with a comparable tissue quality of brains acquired from zoo-living primates.
Our field methods are noninvasive, here defined as not harming living animals, and may be applied to other mammal systems than primates. In sum, the field protocol and methodological pipeline validated here pose a major advance for assessing the influence of socio-ecology on medium to large mammal brains, at both macro- and microstructural levels as well as aiding with the functional annotation of brain regions and neuronal pathways via specific behaviour assessments.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2022-03-082022-10-022023-01-23
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.14039
 Degree: -

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Project name : -
Grant ID : 01EW1711A & B
Funding program : -
Funding organization : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)
Project name : -
Grant ID : 616905
Funding program : European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013/ERC)
Funding organization : European Research Council (ERC)
Project name : -
Grant ID : 681094
Funding program : Horizon 2020
Funding organization : European Union
Project name : -
Grant ID : -
Funding program : -
Funding organization : Max Planck Society

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Title: Methods in Ecology and Evolution
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: London, UK : John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Pages: - Volume / Issue: - Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 2041-210X
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/2041-210X