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  Growing and making nano- and microcrystals

Shoeman, R. L., Hartmann, E., & Schlichting, I. (2023). Growing and making nano- and microcrystals. Nature Protocols, 18(3), 854-882. doi:10.1038/s41596-022-00777-5.

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Shoeman, Robert L.1, Author           
Hartmann, Elisabeth1, Author           
Schlichting, Ilme1, Author           
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1Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Max Planck Society, ou_1497700              

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 Abstract: Thanks to recent technological advances in X-ray and micro-electron diffraction and solid-state NMR, structural information can be obtained by using much smaller crystals. Thus, microcrystals have become a valuable commodity rather than a mere stepping stone toward obtaining macroscopic crystals. Microcrystals are particularly useful for structure determination using serial data collection approaches at synchrotrons and X-ray free-electron lasers. The latter’s enormous peak brilliance and short X-ray pulse duration mean that structural information can be obtained before the effects of radiation damage are seen; these properties also facilitate time-resolved crystallography. To establish defined reaction initiation conditions, microcrystals with a desired and narrow size distribution are critical. Here, we describe milling and seeding techniques as well as filtration approaches for the reproducible and size-adjustable preparation of homogeneous nano- and microcrystals. Nanocrystals and crystal seeds can be obtained by milling using zirconium beads and the BeadBug homogenizer; fragmentation of large crystals yields micro- or nanocrystals by flowing crystals through stainless steel filters by using an HPLC pump. The approaches can be scaled to generate micro- to milliliter quantities of microcrystals, starting from macroscopic crystals. The procedure typically takes 3–5 d, including the time required to grow the microcrystals.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2016-10-252022-08-112022-11-302023-03
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: 29
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 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
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Title: Nature Protocols
  Other : Nat. Protoc.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: London, UK : Nature Publishing Group
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 18 (3) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 854 - 882 Identifier: ISSN: 1750-2799
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1000000000223800_1