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acid hydrolysis
cellulose nanocrystals
deep eutectic solvents
ionic liquids
production methods
Carbon footprint
Cellulose derivatives
Environmental impact
Nanocrystals
Nanostructured materials
Sustainable development
Industrial context
Low carbon
Property
Recent progress
Sustainable process
Sustainable systems
Cellulose
Biomass
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Abstract:
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a new class of biodegradable nanomaterial derived from the most abundant and renewable biomass on the planet: cellulose. Due to their potential as a low carbon footprint nanomaterial, CNCs have received significant interest in the community for a wide variety of applications. In this review, the most recent strategies exploited to produce CNCs are therefore summarized, focusing on the “greener” isolation methods aiming at minimizing the environmental impact of their production. The environmental impact of each CNCs production method is qualitatively evaluated and the properties of the CNCs obtained are discussed. Finally, the necessary steps to address the development of the field in the industrial context are discussed, focusing on the type of applications where the CNCs can be exploited. © 2022 The Authors. Advanced Sustainable Systems published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
