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  Climatic shifts, geomorphic change, ancient routes of migration and adaption in southwestern China: site formation processes at Luojiaba, Sichuan Province

Zhang, J., Storozum, M. J., Chen, W., Rao, Z., Hamilton, R., Zheng, Z., et al. (2023). Climatic shifts, geomorphic change, ancient routes of migration and adaption in southwestern China: site formation processes at Luojiaba, Sichuan Province. GEOARCHAEOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, 38(3): 21950, pp. 351-370. doi:10.1002/gea.21950.

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 Creators:
Zhang, Junna, Author
Storozum, Michael J., Author
Chen, Weidong, Author
Rao, Zongyue, Author
Hamilton, Rebecca1, Author           
Zheng, Zhexuan, Author
Chen, Zhiyao, Author
Yu, Xuetong, Author
Xia, Zhengkai, Author
Affiliations:
1Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society, ou_2074312              

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Free keywords: 5500–5000 cal. B.P. climate event, fluvial geomorphology, geoarchaeology, Holocene, Jialing River, reverse adaptation
 Abstract: Abstract Archaeologists frequently invoke climate change as driving cause for ancient expansions of human populations, but geomorphic changes can also play an important role in opening or closing routes of migration. In China, archaeological evidence demonstrates that valleys in the Jialing River's watershed were important routes for the movement of Neolithic populations from the catchments of the Yellow River to the Yangtze River. Here, we examine how fluvial geomorphological regime shifts may have also influenced the migration pathways and adaptive strategies of Neolithic people into the Sichuan Basin by using a combination of sedimentological and palynological analysis at Luojiaba, an archaeological site located on one of the eastern tributaries of the Jialing River. The results show that people settled on seasonally stable landforms, including the Zhonghe River floodplain at Luojiaba (5300?4800?cal. B.P.). They carried out fishing and hunting activities on the front edge of the floodplain close to the river channel and built dwelling features on the higher ground at the back edge of the floodplain, which was not affected by seasonal floods. We hypothesize that during the Holocene Climatic Optimum before 5500?cal. B.P., high water levels as well as severe surface erosion caused by a strong East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) blocked pathways into the upper reaches of the Jialing River watershed. Only after a series of cold, dry climate events driven by a decrease in EASM intensity ca. 5500?5000?cal. B.P. did water levels recede significantly. This allowed alluvial aggradation to occur, which created floodplains and terraces along the valley that may have opened a new route for the migration into the Sichuan Basin. Our results reveal the human?environment dynamics surrounding Luojiaba in the uplands of southwestern China and highlight the impact of coupled climatic-geomorphic regime shifts on human settlement and subsistence strategies, across both space and time.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2021-08-042022-10-272022-12-182023-05
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: 20
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: 1 Introduction
1.1 Study area
1.2 Luojiaba site
2 Methods
3 Results
3.1 Landforms and fluvial terraces around the Luojiaba site
3.2 AMS radiocarbon dating
3.3 Particle size analysis
3.4 Chromaticity, magnetic susceptibility, and chemical elemental analysis
3.5 Soil micromorphological analysis
3.6 Pollen analysis
3.6.1 Zone 1 (Layers 12−8, 5300–4800 cal. B.P.)
3.6.2 Zone 2 (Layers 7−5, 4800–4500 cal. B.P.)
3.6.3 Zone 3 (Layer 4, 2500–2200 cal. B.P.)
3.6.4 Zone 4 (Layer 3, 2500–2200 cal. B.P.)
3.7 Ordination analysis
4 Discussion
4.1 Climate‐vegetation change and sedimentary process at Luojiaba
4.1.1 Lower part of the late Neolithic period (Layers 8–12, 5300–4800 cal. B.P.)
4.1.2 Upper part of the late Neolithic period (Layers 5–7, 4800–4500 cal. B.P.)
4.1.3 Late Ba cultural period (Layers 3–4, 2500–2200 cal. B.P.)
4.2 Settlement, land use patterns, and reverse adaptation at Luojiaba
4.2.1 Ash pit formation and land use patterns
4.2.2 Reverse adaptation and the possible environmental factors
4.3 Climate change, evolution of regional fluvial geomorphologies, and their impact on prehistoric mobility
4.3.1 Stage 1 (before 5500 cal. B.P.)
4.3.2 Stage 2 (5500–4500 cal. B.P.)
4.3.3 Stage 3 (after 3000 cal. B.P.)
5 Conclusion
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1002/gea.21950
Other: shh3356
 Degree: -

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Title: GEOARCHAEOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
  Other : Geoarchaeology
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: New York : Wiley
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 38 (3) Sequence Number: 21950 Start / End Page: 351 - 370 Identifier: ISSN: 0883-6353
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/958634686003_1