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  Genomic analyses of hair from Ludwig van Beethoven

Begg, T., Schmidt, A., Kocher, A., Larmuseau, M. H., Runfeldt, G., Maier, P. A., et al. (2023). Genomic analyses of hair from Ludwig van Beethoven. Current Biology, 33(8): 2023.02.041, pp. 1431-1447.e22. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.041.

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(last seen: May 2023)
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 Urheber:
Begg, Tristan1, Autor           
Schmidt, Axel, Autor           
Kocher, Arthur1, 2, Autor           
Larmuseau, Maarten H.D., Autor
Runfeldt, Göran, Autor
Maier, Paul Andrew, Autor
Wilson, John D., Autor
Barquera, Rodrigo, Autor
Maj, Carlo, Autor
Szolek, András, Autor
Sager, Michael, Autor
Clayton, Stephen1, Autor           
Peltzer, Alexander, Autor
Hui, Ruoyun, Autor
Ronge, Julia, Autor
Reiter, Ella, Autor
Freund, Cäcilia1, Autor           
Burri Promerová, Marta1, Autor           
Aron, Franziska1, Autor                 
Tiliakou, Anthi1, Autor           
Osborn, Joanna, AutorBehar, Doron M., AutorBoecker, Malte, AutorBrandt, Guido1, Autor           Cleynen, Isabelle, AutorStrassburg, Christian, AutorPrüfer, Kay1, AutorKühnert, Denise1, 2, Autor           Meredith, William Rhea, AutorNöthen, Markus M., AutorAttenborough, Robert David, AutorKivisild, Toomas, AutorKrause, Johannes1, Autor            mehr..
Affiliations:
1Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society, ou_2074310              
2tide, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society, ou_2591691              

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Schlagwörter: Ludwig van Beethoven, ancient DNA, hepatitis B virus, medical genetics, genetic genealogy, extra-pair paternity, genobiography, the Beethoven genome project, geo-genetic triangulation, hair
 Zusammenfassung: Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827) remains among the most influential and popular classical music composers. Health problems significantly impacted his career as a composer and pianist, including progressive hearing loss, recurring gastrointestinal complaints, and liver disease. In 1802, Beethoven requested that following his death, his disease be described and made public. Medical biographers have since proposed numerous hypotheses, including many substantially heritable conditions. Here we attempt a genomic analysis of Beethoven in order to elucidate potential underlying genetic and infectious causes of his illnesses. We incorporated improvements in ancient DNA methods into existing protocols for ancient hair samples, enabling the sequencing of high-coverage genomes from small quantities of historical hair. We analyzed eight independently sourced locks of hair attributed to Beethoven, five of which originated from a single European male. We deemed these matching samples to be almost certainly authentic and sequenced Beethoven’s genome to 24-fold genomic coverage. Although we could not identify a genetic explanation for Beethoven's hearing disorder or gastrointestinal problems, we found that Beethoven had a genetic predisposition for liver disease. Metagenomic analyses revealed furthermore that Beethoven had a hepatitis B infection during at least the months prior to his death. Together with the genetic predisposition and his broadly accepted alcohol consumption, these present plausible explanations for Beethoven’s severe liver disease, which culminated in his death. Unexpectedly, an analysis of Y chromosomes sequenced from five living members of the Van Beethoven patrilineage revealed the occurrence of an extra-pair paternity event in Ludwig van Beethoven’s patrilineal ancestry.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2023-03-222023-04-24
 Publikationsstatus: Erschienen
 Seiten: 40
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction
Results
- Authentication of hair samples
- Genetic variants associated with somatic disease
- Hepatitis B virus DNA recovered from Beethoven’s hair
Discussion
- Authenticity of Beethoven’s genome
- Comparison with living individuals’ genomes
- Origins of Beethoven’s diseases
- Hepatitis B virus DNA in Beethoven’s hair
- Future directions
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.041
Anderer: shh3384
 Art des Abschluß: -

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Titel: Current Biology
  Kurztitel : Curr. Biol.
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Affiliations:
Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: London, UK : Cell Press
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 33 (8) Artikelnummer: 2023.02.041 Start- / Endseite: 1431 - 1447.e22 Identifikator: ISSN: 0960-9822
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925579107