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Abstract:
Aeolian dust has significant impacts on climate, public health, infrastructure and ecosystems. Assessing these impacts is challenging because the dust emissions depend on many environmental factors and can vary greatly with meteorological conditions. We present a data-driven aeolian dust scheme that combines machine learning components and physical equations to predict atmospheric dust concentrations and identify dust sources. The numerical scheme was trained to reproduce dust aerosol optical depth retrievals by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer on board the MetOp-A satellite. The input parameters included meteorological variables from the fifth generation atmospheric reanalysis of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. The trained dust scheme can be applied as a dust emission submodel, to be used in climate models, which is reproducibly derived from observational data so that a priori assumptions and manual parameter tuning can be largely avoided. We compared the trained emission submodel to a state-of-the-art dust emission parametrisation, showing that it substantially improves the representation of aeolian dust in the global atmospheric chemistry-climate model EMAC.
