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Abstract:
Three strains of obligately anaerobic bacteria were isolated from rice
paddy soil microcosms. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA genes showed
that these novel isolates have identical gene sequences and are members
of the division 'Verrucomicrobia'. The novel strains are phenotypically
and phylogenetically distinct from species described previously. One
strain, PB90-1(T), was characterized in more detail. The cells are cocci
and are motile by means of a flagellum. Catalase and oxidase activities
are absent. Growth-supporting substrates include mono-, di- and
polysaccharides, while alcohols, amino acids and organic acids do not
support growth. Propionate and acetate are the major end-products of
fermentation. Nitrate is reduced to nitrite, but other external electron
acceptors are not utilized. The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 74
mol%. This strain represents a taxon that has not yet been formally
recognized, for which the name Opitutus terrae gem. nov., sp. nov. is
proposed. The type strain is PB90-1(T) (= DSM 11246(T)).
