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Abstract:
Gram-negative, mesophilic, obligately anaerobic strains Kysw2(T) (T =
type strain), Kyval, and Kyprop isolated from an anoxic mud sample
obtained from the Kysing Fjord south of Arhus (Denmark) and strains
Gyprop(T) and Gylac(T) isolated from the Guayamas Basin (Gulf of
California) all exhibit complete oxidation of a wide range of electron
donors (e. g., dicarboxylic acids and amino acids) linked to
stoichiometric reduction of elemental sulfur to hydrogen sulfide. A
comparative 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis revealed that these five
strains, together with a previously described isolate (strain Go11),
constitute a coherent cluster of descent. This cluster belongs
phylogenetically to a branch of the delta subclass of the Proteobacteria
and is characterized by members of the genera Pelobacter and
Desulfuromonas. Within the cluster strains Kysw2(T) and Kyval, strains
Gyprop(T) and Kyprop, and strains Gylac(T) and Go11 have identical 16S
ribosomal DNA sequences. The levels of DNA-DNA relatedness were 89%
between strains Kysw2(T) and Kyval, 98% between strains Gyprop(T) and
Kyprop, and 73% between strains Gylac(T) and Go11. The levels of DNA-DNA
relatedness between members of the three DNA relatedness groups were
less than 30%. On the basis of genomic data and phenotypic
characteristics, a new genus, Desulfuromusa, is described; this new
genus includes three new species, for which the names Desulfuromusa
kysingii, Desulfuromusa bakii, and Desulfuromusa succinoxidans are
proposed. The type species of the genus Desulfuromusa is D. kysingii.
Strains Kysw2 (= DSM 7343), Gyprop (= DSM 7345), and Gylac (= DSM 8270)
are the type strains of D. kysingii, D. bakii, and D. succinoxidans,
respectively.
