The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array IV. Search for 
continuous gravitational wave signals

Antoniadis, J.; Arumugam, P.; Arumugam, S.; Babak, S.; Bagchi, M.; Nielsen, A. S. Bak; Bassa, C. G.; Bathula, A.; Berthereau, A.; Bonetti, M.; Bortolas, E.; Brook, P. R.; Burgay, M.; Caballero, R. N.; Chalumeau, A.; Champion, D. J.; Chanlaridis, S.; Chen, S.; Cognard, I.; Dandapat, S.; Deb, D.; Desai, S.; Desvignes, G.; Dhanda-Batra, N.; Dwivedi, C.; Falxa, M.; Ferranti, I.; Ferdman, R. D.; Franchini, A.; Gair, J. R.; Goncharov, B.; Gopakumar, A.; Graikou, E.; Grießmeier, J. M.; Guillemot, L.; Guo, Y. J.; Gupta, Y.; Hisano, S.; Hu, H.; Iraci, F.; Izquierdo-Villalba, D.; Jang, J.; Jawor, J.; Janssen, G. H.; Jessner, A.; Joshi, B. C.; Kareem, F.; Karuppusamy, R.; Keane, E. F.; Keith, M. J.; Kharbanda, D.; Kikunaga, T.; Kolhe, N.; Kramer, M.; Krishnakumar, M. A.; Lackeos, K.; Lee, K. J.; Liu, K.; Liu, Y.; Lyne, A. G.; McKee, J. W.; Maan, Y.; Main, R. A.; Manzini, S.; Mickaliger, M. B.; Nitu, I. C.; Nobleson, K.; Paladi, A. K.; Parthasarathy, A.; Perera, B. B. P.; Perrodin, D.; Petiteau, A.; Porayko, N. K.; Possenti, A.; Prabu, T.; Leclere, H. Quelquejay; Rana, P.; Samajdar, A.; Sanidas, S. A.; Sesana, A.; Shaifullah, G.; Singha, J.; Speri, L.; Spiewak, R.; Srivastava, A.; Stappers, B. W.; Surnis, M.; Susarla, S. C.; Susobhanan, A.; Takahashi, K.; Tarafdar, P.; Theureau, G.; Tiburzi, C.; van der Wateren, E.; Vecchio, A.; Krishnan, V. Venkatraman; Verbiest, J. P. W.; Wang, J.; Wang, L.; Wu, Z.

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The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array IV. Search for continuous gravitational wave signals

Antoniadis, J., Arumugam, P., Arumugam, S., Babak, S., Bagchi, M., Nielsen, A. S. B., et al. (in preparation). The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array IV. Search for continuous gravitational wave signals.

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Item Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000D-779B-F Version Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000D-77A1-7

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Antoniadis, J., Author
Arumugam, P., Author
Arumugam, S., Author
Babak, S., Author
Bagchi, M., Author
Nielsen, A. S. Bak, Author
Bassa, C. G., Author
Bathula, A., Author
Berthereau, A., Author
Bonetti, M., Author
Bortolas, E., Author
Brook, P. R., Author
Burgay, M., Author
Caballero, R. N., Author
Chalumeau, A., Author
Champion, D. J., Author
Chanlaridis, S., Author
Chen, S., Author
Cognard, I., Author
Dandapat, S., Author
Deb, D., AuthorDesai, S., AuthorDesvignes, G., AuthorDhanda-Batra, N., AuthorDwivedi, C., AuthorFalxa, M., AuthorFerranti, I., AuthorFerdman, R. D., AuthorFranchini, A., AuthorGair, J. R.¹, Author Goncharov, B., AuthorGopakumar, A., AuthorGraikou, E., AuthorGrießmeier, J. M., AuthorGuillemot, L., AuthorGuo, Y. J., AuthorGupta, Y., AuthorHisano, S., AuthorHu, H., AuthorIraci, F., AuthorIzquierdo-Villalba, D., AuthorJang, J., AuthorJawor, J., AuthorJanssen, G. H., AuthorJessner, A., AuthorJoshi, B. C., AuthorKareem, F., AuthorKaruppusamy, R., AuthorKeane, E. F., AuthorKeith, M. J., AuthorKharbanda, D., AuthorKikunaga, T., AuthorKolhe, N., AuthorKramer, M., AuthorKrishnakumar, M. A., AuthorLackeos, K., AuthorLee, K. J., AuthorLiu, K., AuthorLiu, Y., AuthorLyne, A. G., AuthorMcKee, J. W., AuthorMaan, Y., AuthorMain, R. A., AuthorManzini, S., AuthorMickaliger, M. B., AuthorNitu, I. C., AuthorNobleson, K., AuthorPaladi, A. K., AuthorParthasarathy, A., AuthorPerera, B. B. P., AuthorPerrodin, D., AuthorPetiteau, A., AuthorPorayko, N. K., AuthorPossenti, A., AuthorPrabu, T., AuthorLeclere, H. Quelquejay, AuthorRana, P., AuthorSamajdar, A., AuthorSanidas, S. A., AuthorSesana, A., AuthorShaifullah, G., AuthorSingha, J., AuthorSperi, L.¹, Author Spiewak, R., AuthorSrivastava, A., AuthorStappers, B. W., AuthorSurnis, M., AuthorSusarla, S. C., AuthorSusobhanan, A., AuthorTakahashi, K., AuthorTarafdar, P., AuthorTheureau, G., AuthorTiburzi, C., Authorvan der Wateren, E., AuthorVecchio, A., AuthorKrishnan, V. Venkatraman, AuthorVerbiest, J. P. W., AuthorWang, J., AuthorWang, L., AuthorWu, Z., Author more..

Affiliations:
1Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_1933290

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Free keywords: Astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, astro-ph.HE,Astrophysics, Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, astro-ph.CO, Astrophysics, Galaxy Astrophysics, astro-ph.GA,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, gr-qc

Abstract: We present the results of a search for continuous gravitational wave signals
(CGWs) in the second data release (DR2) of the European Pulsar Timing Array
(EPTA) collaboration. The most significant candidate event from this search has
a gravitational wave frequency of 4-5 nHz. Such a signal could be generated by
a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) in the local Universe. We present the
results of a follow-up analysis of this candidate using both Bayesian and
frequentist methods. The Bayesian analysis gives a Bayes factor of 4 in favor
of the presence of the CGW over a common uncorrelated noise process, while the
frequentist analysis estimates the p-value of the candidate to be 1%, also
assuming the presence of common uncorrelated red noise. However, comparing a
model that includes both a CGW and a gravitational wave background (GWB) to a
GWB only, the Bayes factor in favour of the CGW model is only 0.7. Therefore,
we cannot conclusively determine the origin of the observed feature, but we
cannot rule it out as a CGW source. We present results of simulations that
demonstrate that data containing a weak gravitational wave background can be
misinterpreted as data including a CGW and vice versa, providing two plausible
explanations of the EPTA DR2 data. Further investigations combining data from
all PTA collaborations will be needed to reveal the true origin of this
feature.

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Dates: Created: 2023-06-28

Publication Status: Not specified

Pages: 12 figures, 15 pages, to be submitted

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Rev. Type: -

Identifiers: arXiv: 2306.16226

Degree: -

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