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Free keywords:
ANAPHASE-PROMOTING COMPLEX; POLO-LIKE KINASE; SISTER-CHROMATID COHESION;
APC-MEDIATED PROTEOLYSIS; CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION; SELECTIVE AUTOPHAGY;
PROTEIN-KINASE; HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES; COMPUTATIONAL PLATFORM;
TRANSLATIONAL CONTROLBiochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; cyclin phosphorylation; meiotic exit; polo-like kinase; Spo13/MEIKIN;
translational repression;
Abstract:
Genome haploidization at meiosis depends on two consecutive nuclear divisions, which are controlled by an oscillatory system consisting of Cdk1-cyclin B and the APC/C bound to the Cdc20 activator. How the oscillator generates exactly two divisions has been unclear. We have studied this question in yeast where exit from meiosis involves accumulation of the APC/C activator Ama1 at meiosis II. We show that inactivation of the meiosis I-specific protein Spo13/MEIKIN results in a single-division meiosis due to premature activation of APC/C-Ama1. In the wild type, Spo13 bound to the polo-like kinase Cdc5 prevents Ama1 synthesis at meiosis I by stabilizing the translational repressor Rim4. In addition, Cdc5-Spo13 inhibits the activity of Ama1 by converting the B-type cyclin Clb1 from a substrate to an inhibitor of Ama1. Cdc20-dependent degradation of Spo13 at anaphase I unleashes a feedback loop that increases Ama1's synthesis and activity, leading to irreversible exit from meiosis at the second division. Thus, by repressing the exit machinery at meiosis I, Cdc5-Spo13 ensures that cells undergo two divisions to produce haploid gametes.
