Measurements of All-Particle Energy Spectrum and Mean Logarithmic Mass of 
Cosmic Rays from 0.3 to 30 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A

LHASSO Collaboration; Cao, Zhen; Aharonian, F.; Axikegu,; Y. X., Bai; Bao, Y. W.; Bastieri, D.; Bi, X. J.; Bi, Y. J.; Bian, W.; Bukevich, A. V.; Cao, Q.; Cao, W. Y.; Cao, Zhe; Chang, J.; Chang, J. F.; Chen, A. M.; Chen, E. S.; Chen, H. X.; Chen, Liang; Chen, Lin; Chen, Long; Chen, M. J.; Chen, M. L.; Chen, Q. H.; Chen, S.; Chen, S. H.; Chen, S. Z.; Chen, T. L.; Chen, Y.; Cheng, N.; Cheng, Y. D.; Cui, M. Y.; Cui, S. W.; Cui, X. H.; Cui, Y. D.; Dai, B. Z.; Dai, H. L.; Dai, Z. G.; Danzengluobu ,; X. Q., Dong; Duan, K. K.; Fan, J. H.; Fan, Y. Z.; Fang, J.; Fang, J. H.; Fang, K.; Feng, C. F.; Feng, H.; Feng, L.; Feng, S. H.; Feng, X. T.; Feng, Y.; Feng, Y. L.; Gabici, S.; Gao, B.; Gao, C. D.; Gao, Q.; Gao, W.; Gao, W. K.; Ge, M. M.; Geng, L. S.; Giacinti, G.; Gong, G. H.; Gou, Q. B.; Gu, M. H.; Guo, F. L.; Guo, X. L.; Guo, Y. Q.; Guo, Y. Y.; Han, Y. A.; Hasan, M.; He, H. H.; He, H. N.; He, J. Y.; He, Y.; Hor, Y. K.; Hou, B. W.; Hou, C.; Hou, X.; Hu, H. B.; Hu, Q.; Hu, S. C.; Huang, D. H.; Huang, T. Q.; Huang, W. J.; Huang, X. T.; Huang, X. Y.; Huang, Y.; Ji, X. L.; Jia, H. Y.; Jia, K.; Jiang, K.; Jiang, X. W.; Jiang, Z. J.; Jin, M.; Kang, M. M.; Karpikov, I.; Kuleshov, D.; Kurinov, K.; Li, B. B.; Li, C. M.; Li, Cheng; Li, Cong; Li, D.; Li, F.; Li, H. B.; Li, H. C.; Li, Jian; Li, Jie; Li, K.; Li, S. D.; Li, W. L.; Li, W. L.; Li, X. R.; Li, Xin; Li, Y. Z.; Li, Zhe; Li, Zhuo; Liang, E. W.; Liang, Y. F.; Lin, S. J.; Liu, B.; Liu, C.; Liu, D.; Liu, D. B.; Liu, H.; Liu, H. D.; Liu, J.; Liu, J. L.; Liu, M. Y.; Liu, R. Y.; Liu, S. M.; Liu, W.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Y. N.; Luo, Q.; Luo, Y.; Lv, H. K.; Ma, B. Q.; Ma, L. L.; Ma, X. H.; Mao, J. R.; Min, Z.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Mu, H. J.; Nan, Y. C.; Neronov, A.; Ou, L. J.; Pattarakijwanich, P.; Pei, Z. Y.; Qi, J. C.; Qi, M. Y.; Qiao, B. Q.; Qin, J. J.; Raza, A.; Ruffolo, D.; Sáiz, A.; Saeed, M.; Semikoz, D.; Shao, L.; Shchegolev, O.; Sheng, X. D.; Shu, F. W.; Song, H. C.; Stenkin, Yu. V.; Stepanov, V.; Su, Y.; Sun, D. X.; Sun, Q. N.; Sun, X. N.; Sun, Z. B.; Takata, J.; Tam, P. H. T.; Tang, Q. W.; Tang, R.; Tang, Z. B.; Tian, W. W.; Wang, C.; Wang, C. B.; Wang, G. W.; Wang, H. G.; Wang, H. H.; Wang, J. C.; Wang, Kai; Wang, Kai; Wang, L. P.; Wang, L. Y.; Wang, P. H.; Wang, R.; Wang, W.; Wang, X. G.; Wang, X. Y.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y. D.; Wang, Y. J.; Wang, Z. H.; Wang, Z. X.; Wang, Zhen; Wang, Zheng; Wei, D. M.; Wei, J. J.; Wei, Y. J.; Wen, T.; Wu, C. Y.; Wu, H. R.; Wu, Q. W.; Wu, S.; Wu, X. F.; Wu, Y. S.; Xi, S. Q.; Xia, J.; Xiang, G. M.; Xiao, D. X.; Xiao, G.; Xin, Y. L.; Xing, Y.; Xiong, D. R.; Xiong, Z.; Xu, D. L.; Xu, R. F.; Xu, R. X.; Xu, W. L.; Xue, L.; Yan, D. H.; Yan, J. Z.; Yan, T.; Yang, C. W.; Yang, C. Y.; Yang, F.; Yang, F. F.; Yang, L. L.; Yang, M. J.; Yang, R. Z.; Yang, W. X.; Yao, Y. H.; Yao, Z. G.; Yin, L. Q.; Yin, N.; You, X. H.; You, Z. Y.; Yu, Y. H.; Yuan, Q.; Yue, H.; Zeng, H. D.; Zeng, T. X.; Zeng, W.; Zha, M.; Zhang, B. B.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, H. M.; Zhang, H. Y.; Zhang, J. L.; Zhang, Li; Zhang, P. F.; Zhang, P. P.; Zhang, R.; Zhang, S. B.; Zhang, S. R.; Zhang, S. S.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y. F.; Zhang, Yi; Zhang, Yong; Zhao, B.; Zhao, J.; Zhao, L.; Zhao, L. Z.; Zhao, S. P.; Zhao, X. H.; Zheng, F.; Zhong, W. J.; Zhou, B.; Zhou, H.; Zhou, J. N.; Zhou, M.; Zhou, P.; Zhou, R.; Zhou, X. X.; Zhou, X. X.; Zhu, B. Y.; Zhu, C. G.; Zhu, F. R.; Zhu, H.; Zhu, K. J.; Zou, Y. C.; Zuo, X.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.131002

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Measurements of All-Particle Energy Spectrum and Mean Logarithmic Mass of Cosmic Rays from 0.3 to 30 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A

LHASSO Collaboration, Cao, Z., Aharonian, F., Axikegu, Y. X., B., Bao, Y., et al. (2024). Measurements of All-Particle Energy Spectrum and Mean Logarithmic Mass of Cosmic Rays from 0.3 to 30 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A. Physical Review Letters, 132(13): 131002. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.131002.

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Creators:
LHASSO Collaboration, Author
Cao, Zhen, Author
Aharonian, F.¹, Author
Axikegu, Author
Y. X., Bai, Author
Bao, Y. W., Author
Bastieri, D., Author
Bi, X. J., Author
Bi, Y. J., Author
Bian, W., Author
Bukevich, A. V., Author
Cao, Q., Author
Cao, W. Y., Author
Cao, Zhe, Author
Chang, J., Author
Chang, J. F., Author
Chen, A. M., Author
Chen, E. S., Author
Chen, H. X., Author
Chen, Liang, Author
Chen, Lin, AuthorChen, Long, AuthorChen, M. J., AuthorChen, M. L., AuthorChen, Q. H., AuthorChen, S., AuthorChen, S. H., AuthorChen, S. Z., AuthorChen, T. L., AuthorChen, Y., AuthorCheng, N., AuthorCheng, Y. D., AuthorCui, M. Y., AuthorCui, S. W., AuthorCui, X. H., AuthorCui, Y. D., AuthorDai, B. Z., AuthorDai, H. L., AuthorDai, Z. G., AuthorDanzengluobu , AuthorX. Q., Dong, AuthorDuan, K. K., AuthorFan, J. H., AuthorFan, Y. Z., AuthorFang, J., AuthorFang, J. H., AuthorFang, K., AuthorFeng, C. F., AuthorFeng, H., AuthorFeng, L., AuthorFeng, S. H., AuthorFeng, X. T., AuthorFeng, Y., AuthorFeng, Y. L., AuthorGabici, S., AuthorGao, B., AuthorGao, C. D., AuthorGao, Q., AuthorGao, W., AuthorGao, W. K., AuthorGe, M. M., AuthorGeng, L. S., AuthorGiacinti, G., AuthorGong, G. H., AuthorGou, Q. B., AuthorGu, M. H., AuthorGuo, F. L., AuthorGuo, X. L., AuthorGuo, Y. Q., AuthorGuo, Y. Y., AuthorHan, Y. A., AuthorHasan, M., AuthorHe, H. H., AuthorHe, H. N., AuthorHe, J. Y., AuthorHe, Y., AuthorHor, Y. K., AuthorHou, B. W., AuthorHou, C., AuthorHou, X., AuthorHu, H. B., AuthorHu, Q., AuthorHu, S. C., AuthorHuang, D. H., AuthorHuang, T. Q., AuthorHuang, W. J., AuthorHuang, X. T., AuthorHuang, X. Y., AuthorHuang, Y., AuthorJi, X. L., AuthorJia, H. Y., AuthorJia, K., AuthorJiang, K., AuthorJiang, X. W., AuthorJiang, Z. J., AuthorJin, M., AuthorKang, M. M., AuthorKarpikov, I., AuthorKuleshov, D., AuthorKurinov, K., AuthorLi, B. B., AuthorLi, C. M., AuthorLi, Cheng, AuthorLi, Cong, AuthorLi, D., AuthorLi, F., AuthorLi, H. B., AuthorLi, H. C., AuthorLi, Jian, AuthorLi, Jie, AuthorLi, K., AuthorLi, S. D., AuthorLi, W. L., AuthorLi, W. L., AuthorLi, X. R., AuthorLi, Xin, AuthorLi, Y. Z., AuthorLi, Zhe, AuthorLi, Zhuo, AuthorLiang, E. W., AuthorLiang, Y. F., AuthorLin, S. J., AuthorLiu, B., AuthorLiu, C., AuthorLiu, D., AuthorLiu, D. B., AuthorLiu, H., AuthorLiu, H. D., AuthorLiu, J., AuthorLiu, J. L., AuthorLiu, M. Y., AuthorLiu, R. Y., AuthorLiu, S. M., AuthorLiu, W., AuthorLiu, Y., AuthorLiu, Y. N., AuthorLuo, Q., AuthorLuo, Y., AuthorLv, H. K., AuthorMa, B. Q., AuthorMa, L. L., AuthorMa, X. H., AuthorMao, J. R., AuthorMin, Z., AuthorMitthumsiri, W., AuthorMu, H. J., AuthorNan, Y. C., AuthorNeronov, A., AuthorOu, L. J., AuthorPattarakijwanich, P., AuthorPei, Z. Y., AuthorQi, J. C., AuthorQi, M. Y., AuthorQiao, B. Q., AuthorQin, J. J., AuthorRaza, A., AuthorRuffolo, D., AuthorSáiz, A., AuthorSaeed, M., AuthorSemikoz, D., AuthorShao, L., AuthorShchegolev, O., AuthorSheng, X. D., AuthorShu, F. W., AuthorSong, H. C., AuthorStenkin, Yu. V., AuthorStepanov, V., AuthorSu, Y., AuthorSun, D. X., AuthorSun, Q. N., AuthorSun, X. N., AuthorSun, Z. B., AuthorTakata, J., AuthorTam, P. H. T., AuthorTang, Q. W., AuthorTang, R., AuthorTang, Z. B., AuthorTian, W. W., AuthorWang, C., AuthorWang, C. B., AuthorWang, G. W., AuthorWang, H. G., AuthorWang, H. H., AuthorWang, J. C., AuthorWang, Kai, AuthorWang, Kai, AuthorWang, L. P., AuthorWang, L. Y., AuthorWang, P. H., AuthorWang, R., AuthorWang, W., AuthorWang, X. G., AuthorWang, X. Y., AuthorWang, Y., AuthorWang, Y. D., AuthorWang, Y. J., AuthorWang, Z. H., AuthorWang, Z. X., AuthorWang, Zhen, AuthorWang, Zheng, AuthorWei, D. M., AuthorWei, J. J., AuthorWei, Y. J., AuthorWen, T., AuthorWu, C. Y., AuthorWu, H. R., AuthorWu, Q. W., AuthorWu, S., AuthorWu, X. F., AuthorWu, Y. S., AuthorXi, S. Q., AuthorXia, J., AuthorXiang, G. M., AuthorXiao, D. X., AuthorXiao, G., AuthorXin, Y. L., AuthorXing, Y., AuthorXiong, D. R., AuthorXiong, Z., AuthorXu, D. L., AuthorXu, R. F., AuthorXu, R. X., AuthorXu, W. L., AuthorXue, L., AuthorYan, D. H., AuthorYan, J. Z., AuthorYan, T., AuthorYang, C. W., AuthorYang, C. Y., AuthorYang, F., AuthorYang, F. F., AuthorYang, L. L., AuthorYang, M. J., AuthorYang, R. Z., AuthorYang, W. X., AuthorYao, Y. H., AuthorYao, Z. G., AuthorYin, L. Q., AuthorYin, N., AuthorYou, X. H., AuthorYou, Z. Y., AuthorYu, Y. H., AuthorYuan, Q., AuthorYue, H., AuthorZeng, H. D., AuthorZeng, T. X., AuthorZeng, W., AuthorZha, M., AuthorZhang, B. B., AuthorZhang, F., AuthorZhang, H., AuthorZhang, H. M., AuthorZhang, H. Y., AuthorZhang, J. L., AuthorZhang, Li, AuthorZhang, P. F., AuthorZhang, P. P., AuthorZhang, R., AuthorZhang, S. B., AuthorZhang, S. R., AuthorZhang, S. S., AuthorZhang, X., AuthorZhang, X. P., AuthorZhang, Y. F., AuthorZhang, Yi, AuthorZhang, Yong, AuthorZhao, B., AuthorZhao, J., AuthorZhao, L., AuthorZhao, L. Z., AuthorZhao, S. P., AuthorZhao, X. H., AuthorZheng, F., AuthorZhong, W. J., AuthorZhou, B., AuthorZhou, H., AuthorZhou, J. N., AuthorZhou, M., AuthorZhou, P., AuthorZhou, R., AuthorZhou, X. X., AuthorZhou, X. X., AuthorZhu, B. Y., AuthorZhu, C. G., AuthorZhu, F. R., AuthorZhu, H., AuthorZhu, K. J., AuthorZou, Y. C., AuthorZuo, X., Author more..

Affiliations:
1Division Prof. Dr. James A. Hinton, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_2074298

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Free keywords: Cosmic ray composition & spectra

Abstract: We present the measurements of all-particle energy spectrum and mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays in the energy range of 0.3–30 PeV using data collected from LHAASO-KM2A between September 2021 and December 2022, which is based on a nearly composition-independent energy reconstruction method, achieving unprecedented accuracy. Our analysis reveals the position of the knee at 3.67±0.05±0.15 PeV. Below the knee, the spectral index is found to be −2.7413±0.0004±0.0050, while above the knee, it is −3.128±0.005±0.027, with the sharpness of the transition measured with a statistical error of 2%. The mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays is almost heavier than helium in the whole measured energy range. It decreases from 1.7 at 0.3 PeV to 1.3 at 3 PeV, representing a 24% decline following a power law with an index of −0.1200±0.0003±0.0341. This is equivalent to an increase in abundance of light components. Above the knee, the mean logarithmic mass exhibits a power law trend towards heavier components, which is reversal to the behavior observed in the all-particle energy spectrum. Additionally, the knee position and the change in power-law index are approximately the same. These findings suggest that the knee observed in the all-particle spectrum corresponds to the knee of the light component, rather than the medium-heavy components.

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Dates: Published Online: 2024-03-26

Publication Status: Published online

Pages: 8

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Identifiers: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.131002

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Title: Physical Review Letters

Abbreviation : Phys. Rev. Lett.

Source Genre: Journal

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Publ. Info: Woodbury, N.Y. : American Physical Society

Pages: - Volume / Issue: 132 (13) Sequence Number: 131002 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 0031-9007
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925433406_1