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  Redefining Efficiency: US Physicists and the 1970s Energy Crisis

Turnbull, T. (2024). Redefining Efficiency: US Physicists and the 1970s Energy Crisis. Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences, 54(3), 365-406. doi:10.1525/hsns.2024.54.3.365.

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turnbull_2024_redefining.pdf (Verlagsversion), 648KB
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 Urheber:
Turnbull, Thomas1, Autor           
Affiliations:
1Department Structural Changes in Systems of Knowledge, Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Max Planck Society, ou_2266695              

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Schlagwörter: American Physical Society, Energy History, Energy Conservation, Energy Crisis, Applied Science, Radical Science, Square Science
 MPIWG_PROJECTS: Knowledge in and of the Anthropocene
 Zusammenfassung: Amid a war in Southeast Asia, fomenting campus radicalism, and a looming energy crisis, a number of physicists shifted from the big science endeavors of post-war physics toward a new and little science of energy efficiency. These moves were actively supported by the American Physical Society, which took various ongoing crises as an opportunity to create employment opportunities and harness enthusiasm for more socially engaged physics. The Society’s 1974 Summer School on efficient energy use was illustrative. Participants came from universities, national laboratories, industry organizations, and utility companies. Together, they estimated efficiency savings believed achievable at certain points in the US energy system. The summer school attendees argued energy efficiency should be redefined according to the second law of thermodynamics rather than the first. This approach allowed energy-using appliances to be reconceived of as sources of energy supply as well as demand. Rigorous estimates of potential savings were made. However, to the ire of more radical physicists, the school placed the onus to conserve on the consumer, ignored industrial energy use, and had avoided drastic measures. In revisiting these events, their lead-up and afterlife, this paper historicizes a now-central tenet of energy policy.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2024-06-242024-06
 Publikationsstatus: Erschienen
 Seiten: -
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.1525/hsns.2024.54.3.365
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Titel: Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Affiliations:
Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: Oakland, CA : University of California Press
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 54 (3) Artikelnummer: - Start- / Endseite: 365 - 406 Identifikator: ISSN: 1939-1811