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Free keywords:
Ant-plant interaction
Anti-herbivore defence
Crematogaster
Macaranga bancana
Macaranga triloba
Mutualism
Myrmecophytism.
Genus macaranga
Crematogaster-borneensis
Extrafloral nectaries
Herbivore defense
Stem-borers
Colony size
Leaf
Protection
Behavior
Euphorbiaceae.
Environment/Ecology in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural,
Biology & Environmental Sciences.
Abstract:
The optimal defence hypothesis predicts that plant parts characterized by a high value and/or a high risk of being attacked should exhibit the highest level of defence. We tested this hypothesis with Macaranga bancana ant-plants, which are protected eff