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  Ocean circulation and tropical variability in the coupled model ECHAM5/MPI-OM

Jungclaus, J. H., Botzet, M., Haak, H., Keenlyside, N., Luo, J. J., Latif, M., et al. (2006). Ocean circulation and tropical variability in the coupled model ECHAM5/MPI-OM. Journal of Climate, 19, 3952-3972. doi:10.1175/JCLI3827.1.

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Jungclaus, J. H.1, Author                 
Botzet, M.1, Author           
Haak, H.1, Author           
Keenlyside, N., Author           
Luo, J. J., Author
Latif, M., Author           
Marotzke, J.1, Author                 
Mikolajewicz, U.2, Author           
Roeckner, E.3, Author           
Affiliations:
1Director’s Research Group OES, The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society, ou_913553              
2Ocean Physics, The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society, ou_913557              
3Climate Modelling, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society, ou_913569              

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 Abstract: This paper describes the mean ocean circulation and the tropical variability simulated by the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model (AOGCM). Results are presented from a version of the coupled model that served as a prototype for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) simulations. The model does not require flux adjustment to maintain a stable climate. A control simulation with present-day greenhouse gases is analyzed, and the simulation of key oceanic features, such as sea surface temperatures (SSTs), large-scale circulation, meridional heat and freshwater transports, and sea ice are compared with observations.

A parameterization that accounts for the effect of ocean currents on surface wind stress is implemented in the model. The largest impact of this parameterization is in the tropical Pacific, where the mean state is significantly improved: the strength of the trade winds and the associated equatorial upwelling weaken, and there is a reduction of the model’s equatorial cold SST bias by more than 1 K. Equatorial SST variability also becomes more realistic. The strength of the variability is reduced by about 30% in the eastern equatorial Pacific and the extension of SST variability into the warm pool is significantly reduced. The dominant El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) period shifts from 3 to 4 yr. Without the parameterization an unrealistically strong westward propagation of SST anomalies is simulated. The reasons for the changes in variability are linked to changes in both the mean state and to a reduction in atmospheric sensitivity to SST changes and oceanic sensitivity to wind anomalies.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2006
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
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 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: eDoc: 277521
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI3827.1
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Title: Journal of Climate
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Boston, MA : American Meteorological Society
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 19 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 3952 - 3972 Identifier: ISSN: 0894-8755
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925559525