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  Comparing clouds and their seasonal variations in 10 atmospheric general circulation models with satellite measurements

Zhang, M. H., Lin, W. Y., Klein, S. A., Bacmeister, J. T., Bony, S., Cederwall, R. T., et al. (2005). Comparing clouds and their seasonal variations in 10 atmospheric general circulation models with satellite measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 110(D15): D15S02. doi:10.1029/2004JD005021.

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2004JD005021.pdf (Publisher version), 3MB
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 Creators:
Zhang, M. H., Author
Lin, W. Y., Author
Klein, S. A., Author
Bacmeister, J. T., Author
Bony, S., Author
Cederwall, R. T., Author
Del Genio, A. D., Author
Hack, J. J., Author
Loeb, N. G., Author
Lohmann, U.1, Author           
Minnis, P., Author
Musat, I., Author
Pincus, R., Author
Stier, P.1, Author           
Suarez, M. J., Author
Webb, M. J., Author
Wu, J. B., Author
Xie, S. C., Author
Yao, M. S., Author
Zhang, J. H., Author
Affiliations:
1The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society, ou_913550              

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Free keywords: climate models; cloud modeling; seasonal variation of clouds.
 Abstract: To assess the current status of climate models in simulating clouds, basic cloud climatologies from ten atmospheric general circulation models are compared with satellite measurements from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) and the Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) program. An ISCCP simulator is employed in all models to facilitate the comparison. Models simulated a four-fold difference in high-top clouds. There are also, however, large uncertainties in satellite high thin clouds to effectively constrain the models. The majority of models only simulated 30–40% of middle-top clouds in the ISCCP and CERES data sets. Half of the models underestimated low clouds, while none overestimated them at a statistically significant level. When stratified in the optical thickness ranges, the majority of the models simulated optically thick clouds more than twice the satellite observations. Most models, however, underestimated optically intermediate and thin clouds. Compensations of these clouds biases are used to explain the simulated longwave and shortwave cloud radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere. Seasonal sensitivities of clouds are also analyzed to compare with observations. Models are shown to simulate seasonal variations better for high clouds than for low clouds. Latitudinal distribution of the seasonal variations correlate with satellite measurements at >0.9, 0.6–0.9, and −0.2–0.7 levels for high, middle, and low clouds, respectively. The seasonal sensitivities of cloud types are found to strongly depend on the basic cloud climatology in the models. Models that systematically underestimate middle clouds also underestimate seasonal variations, while those that overestimate optically thick clouds also overestimate their seasonal sensitivities. Possible causes of the systematic cloud biases in the models are discussed.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2005-05-03
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: eDoc: 256396
ISI: 000229146500001
DOI: 10.1029/2004JD005021
 Degree: -

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Title: Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres
  Alternative Title : J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 110 (D15) Sequence Number: D15S02 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 0148-0227