Outcome expectancy and not accuracy determines posterror slowing: ERP support

Nunez Castellar, Elena; Kühn, Simone; Fias, Wim; Notebaert, Wim

doi:10.3758/CABN.10.2.270

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Outcome expectancy and not accuracy determines posterror slowing: ERP support

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Kühn, Simone
Experimentele Psychologie, Ghent University, Belgium;
Department Psychology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Nunez Castellar, E., Kühn, S., Fias, W., & Notebaert, W. (2010). Outcome expectancy and not accuracy determines posterror slowing: ERP support. Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience, 10(2), 270-278. doi:10.3758/CABN.10.2.270.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0012-2DD5-7

Abstract

A considerable number of studies have recently used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the mechanisms underlying error processing. Nevertheless, how these mechanisms are associated with behavioral adjustments following errors remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated how posterror slowing is linked to outcome expectations and error feedback. We used an adaptive four-choice reaction time task to manipulate outcome expectancy. Behaviorally, the results show posterror slowing when errors are unexpected and postcorrect slowing when correct responses are unexpected, indicating that outcome expectancy is crucial for posterror slowing. ERP analyses revealed that the error-related negativity and the feedback-related negativity were not correlated with the behavioral reaction time pattern, whereas the P3 was. The results support the hypothesis that posterror slowing is caused by attentional orienting to unexpected events.