Heterogeneity in background fitness acts as a suppressor of selection

Hauser, Oliver P.; Traulsen, Arne; Nowak, Martin A.

doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.10.013

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Heterogeneity in background fitness acts as a suppressor of selection

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Traulsen, Arne
Research Group Evolutionary Theory, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Society;

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Hauser, O. P., Traulsen, A., & Nowak, M. A. (2014). Heterogeneity in background fitness acts as a suppressor of selection. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 343, 178-185. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.10.013.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0015-11A0-D

Abstract

Weintroducetheconceptofheterogeneityinbackground fitness toevolutionarydynamicsin finite populations. Background fitness isspecific toanindividualbutnotlinkedtoitsstrategy.Itcanbethought of asapropertythatisrelatedtothephysicalorsocietalpositionofanindividual,butisnotdependent on thestrategythatisadoptedintheevolutionaryprocessunderconsideration.Inourmodel,an individual's total fitness isthesumofitsbackground fitness andthe fitness derivedfromusingaspecific strategy.Thisapproachhasimportantimplicationsfortheimitationofbehaviouralstrategies:ifwe imitate othersfortheirsuccess,butcanonlyadopttheirbehaviourandnottheirsocialandeconomic ties, wemayimitateinvain.Westudytheeffectofheterogeneityinbackground fitness onthe fixation of a mutantstrategywithconstant fitness. We find thatheterogeneitysuppressesselection,butalso decreases thetimeuntilanovelstrategyeithertakesoverthepopulationorislostagain.Wederive analytical solutionsofthe fixation probabilityinsmallpopulations.Inthecaseoflargetotalbackground fitness inapopulationwithmaximuminequality,we find aparticularlysimpleapproximationofthe fixation probability.Numericalsimulationssuggestthatthissimpleapproximationalsoholdsforlarger population sizes.