Bonobos show limited social tolerance in a group setting: A comparison with 
chimpanzees and a test of the Relational Model

Cronin, Katherine A.; De Groot, Evelien; Stevens, Jeroen M. G.

doi:10.1159/000373886

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Bonobos show limited social tolerance in a group setting: A comparison with chimpanzees and a test of the Relational Model

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Cronin, Katherine A.
Comparative Cognitive Anthropology, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Cronin, K. A., De Groot, E., & Stevens, J. M. G. (2015). Bonobos show limited social tolerance in a group setting: A comparison with chimpanzees and a test of the Relational Model. Folia primatologica, 86, 164-177. doi:10.1159/000373886.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0024-9DDA-5

Abstract

Social tolerance is a core aspect of primate social relationships with implications for the evolution of cooperation, prosociality and social learning. We measured the social tolerance of bonobos in an experiment recently validated with chimpanzees to allow for a comparative assessment of group-level tolerance, and found that the bonobo group studied here exhibited lower social tolerance on average than chimpanzees. Furthermore, following the Relational Model [de Waal, 1996], we investigated whether bonobos responded to an increased potential for social conflict with tolerance, conflict avoidance or conflict escalation, and found that only behaviours indicative of conflict escalation differed across conditions. Taken together, these findings contribute to the current debate over the level of social tolerance of bonobos and lend support to the position that the social tolerance of bonobos may not be notably high compared with other primates.