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Favorable long-term outcomes of bilateral adrenalectomy in Cushing's disease

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Dimopoulou,  Christina
Dept. Clinical Research, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Stalla,  Günter
Dept. Clinical Research, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Owald, A., Plomer, E., Dimopoulou, C., Milian, M., Blaser, R., Ritzel, K., et al. (2014). Favorable long-term outcomes of bilateral adrenalectomy in Cushing's disease. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, 171(2), 209-215. doi:10.1530/EJE-14-0214.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0024-6286-B
Abstract
Objective: Bilateral adrenalectomy (BADX) is an important treatment option for patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS). Our aim is to analyze the long-term outcomes, surgical, biochemical, and clinical as well as morbidity and mortality, of patients who underwent BADX. Design: A total of 50 patients who underwent BADX since 1990 in two German centers were identified. Of them, 34 patients had Cushing's disease (CD), nine ectopic CS (ECS), and seven ACTH-independent bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH). Methods: Standardized follow-up examination was performed in 36 patients with a minimum follow-up time of 6 months after BADX and a median follow-up time of 11 years. Results: Surgical morbidity and mortality were 6 and 4% respectively. All patients were found to be in remission after BADX. Almost all Cushing's-specific comorbidities except for psychiatric diseases improved significantly. Health-related quality of life remained impaired in 45.0% of female and 16.7% of male patients compared with a healthy population. The median number of adrenal crises per 100 patient-years was four. Nelson tumor occurred in 24% of CD patients after a median time span of 51 months. Long-term mortality after 10 years was high in ECS (44%) compared with CD (3%) and BAH (14%). Conclusions: BADX is an effective and relatively safe treatment option especially in patients with CD. The majority of patients experience considerable improvement of Cushing's symptoms.