Introduction to Electron Crystallography

Kühlbrandt, Werner

doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-176-9_1

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Introduction to Electron Crystallography

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Kühlbrandt, Werner
Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max Planck Society;

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引用

Kühlbrandt, W. (2013). Introduction to Electron Crystallography. In I., Schmidt-Krey, & Y., Cheng (Eds.), Electron Crystallography of Soluble and Membrane Proteins: Methods and Protocols (pp. 1-16). Heidelberg: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-176-9_1.

引用: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0024-D503-F

要旨

From the earliest work on regular arrays in negative stain, electron crystallography has contributed greatly to our understanding of the structure and function of biological macromolecules. The development of electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) then lead to the first groundbreaking atomic models of the membrane proteins bacteriorhodopsin and light harvesting complex II within lipid bilayers. Key contributions towards cryo-EM and electron crystallography methods included specimen preparation and vitrification, liquid-helium cooling, data collection, and image processing. These methods are now applied almost routinely to both membrane and soluble proteins. Here we outline the advances and the breakthroughs that paved the way towards high-resolution structures by electron crystallography, both in terms of methods development and biological milestones.