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Rhythmic opening and closing of vesicles during constitutive exo- and endocytosis in chromaffin cells

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Henkel,  Andreas Wolfram
Department of Biomedical Optics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Max Planck Society;

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Horstmann,  Heinz
Department of Cell Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Max Planck Society;

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Lindau,  Manfred
Department of Molecular Cell Research, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Max Planck Society;

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Almers,  Wolfhard
Department of Molecular Cell Research, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Henkel, A. W., Meiri, H., Horstmann, H., Lindau, M., & Almers, W. (2000). Rhythmic opening and closing of vesicles during constitutive exo- and endocytosis in chromaffin cells. The EMBO Journal, 19, 84-93. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.1.84.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0027-A4BC-6
Abstract
Constitutive exo- and endocytic events are expected to increase and diminish the cell surface area in small spontaneous steps. Indeed, cell-attached patch-clamp measurements in resting chromaffin cells revealed spontaneous upward and downward steps in the electrical capacitance of the plasma membrane. The most frequent step size indicated cell surface changes of <0.04 ?m2, corresponding to vesicles of <110 nm diameter. Often downward steps followed upward steps within seconds, and vice versa, as if vesicles transiently opened and closed their lumen to the external space. Transient openings and closings sometimes alternated rhythmically for tens of seconds. The kinase inhibitor staurosporine dramatically increased the occurrence of such rhythmic episodes by making vesicle closure incomplete and by inhibiting fission. Staurosporine also promoted transient closures of large endocytic vesicles possibly representing remnants of secretory granules. We suggest that staurosporine blocks a late step in the endocytosis of both small and large vesicles, and that endocytosis involves a reaction cascade that can act as a chemical oscillator