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Abstract

The goal of the paper is an analysis of changes in the amplitude and
phase characteristics of the annual variation (AC) of total ozone (TO)
from ground-based and satellite (TOMS) measurements and their
interpretation with a two-dimensional photochemical model. According to
ground-based TO measurements, two characteristic types of quasi-decadal
variations in the phase of the annual harmonic (AH) of total ozone have
been noted: variations in phase and antiphase with solar activity (SA).
Changes in the TO AH phase opposite to solar activity variation are
noted the high latitudes of the North Atlantic region and in the
tropical belt, and in-phase changes are observed in the middle and
subtropical latitudes of both hemispheres. Variations in the TO AH
amplitude (hence, in the TO AV amplitude) and in the annual mean TO
usually coincide in phase with the SA cycle. Analysis of satellite data
shows that the 0-phase of the AV and the phase of the AH of the zonal
mean TO at middle latitudes vary synchronously with the 11-year solar
cycle. Model simulations have shown that the stratospheric ozone influx
to the middle latitudes increases in the fall and winter period during a
period of maximum solar activity. This dynamic mechanism accounts for up
to 30% of the winter ozone increase in the ozone maximum layer in the
Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes during the solar maximum as compared
with the solar minimum. In the northern midlatitudes, the dynamic
mechanism makes the main contribution to ozone changes during the latter
half of winter under SA variations. The stratospheric ozone inflow
change induced by SA variations affects the annual variation of ozone.