Reversible acetylation of the chromatin remodelling complex NoRC is required 
for non-coding RNA-dependent silencing

Zhou, Yonggang; Schmitz, Kerstin-Maike; Mayer, Christine; Yuan, Xuejun; Akhtar, Asifa; Grummt, Ingrid

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Reversible acetylation of the chromatin remodelling complex NoRC is required for non-coding RNA-dependent silencing

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Akhtar, Asifa
Department of Chromatin Regulation, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Zhou, Y., Schmitz, K.-M., Mayer, C., Yuan, X., Akhtar, A., & Grummt, I. (2009). Reversible acetylation of the chromatin remodelling complex NoRC is required for non-coding RNA-dependent silencing. Nature Cell Biology, 11, 1010-1016.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002B-8FC2-9

Abstract

The SNF2h (sucrose non-fermenting protein 2 homologue)-containing chromatin-remodelling complex NoRC silences a fraction of ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) by establishing a heterochromatic structure at the rDNA promoter. Here we show that the acetyltransferase MOF (males absent on the first) acetylates TIP5, the largest subunit of NoRC, at a single lysine residue, K633, adjacent to the TIP5 RNA-binding domain, and that the NAD⁺-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 (sirtuin-1) removes the acetyl group from K633. Acetylation regulates the interaction of NoRC with promoter-associated RNA (pRNA), which in turn affects heterochromatin formation, nucleosome positioning and rDNA silencing. Significantly, NoRC acetylation is responsive to the intracellular energy status and fluctuates during S phase. Activation of SIRT1 on glucose deprivation leads to deacetylation of K633, enhanced pRNA binding and an increase in heterochromatic histone marks. These results suggest a mechanism that links the epigenetic state of rDNA to cell metabolism and reveal another layer of epigenetic control that involves post-translational modification of a chromatin remodelling complex.