Profiling structured beams using injected aerosols.

Loh, N. D.; Starodub, D.; Lomb, L.; Hampton, C. Y.; Martin, A. V.; Sierra, R. G.; Barty, A.; Aquila, A.; Schulz, J.; Steinbrener, J.; Shoeman, R. L.; Kassemeyer, S.; Bostedt, C.; Bozek, J.; Epp, S. W.; Erk, B.; Hartmann, R.; Rolles, D.; Rudenko, A.rtem; Rudek, B.; Foucar, L.; Kimmel, N.; Weidenspointner, G.; Hauser, G.; Holl, P.; Pedersoli, E.; Liang, M. N.; Hunter, M. S.; Gumprecht, L.; Coppola, N.i; Wunderer, C.; Graafsman, H.; Maia, F. R. N. C.; Ekeberg, T.; Hantke, M.; Fleckenstein, H.; Hirsemann, H.; Nass, K.; White, T. A.; Tobias, H. J.; Farquar, G. R.; Benner, W. H.; Hau-Riege, S.; Reich, C.; Hartmann, A.; Soltau, H.; Marchesini, S.; Bajt, S.; Barthelmess, M.; Strueder, L.; Ullrich, J.; Bucksbaum, P.; Hodgson, K. O.; Frank, M.; Schlichting, I.; Chapman, H. N.; Bogan, M. J.

doi:10.1117/12.930075

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Profiling structured beams using injected aerosols.

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Rolles, D.
Research Group of Structural Dynamics of (Bio)Chemical Systems, MPI for Biophysical Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Loh, N. D., Starodub, D., Lomb, L., Hampton, C. Y., Martin, A. V., Sierra, R. G., et al. (2012). Profiling structured beams using injected aerosols. Proceedings of SPIE, 8504: 850403.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002C-1589-7

Abstract

Profiling structured beams produced by X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) is crucial to both maximizing signal intensity for weakly scattering targets and interpreting their scattering patterns. Earlier ablative imprint studies describe how to infer the X-ray beam profile from the damage that an attenuated beam inflicts on a substrate. However, the beams in-situ profile is not directly accessible with imprint studies because the damage profile could be different from the actual beam profile. On the other hand, although a Shack-Hartmann sensor is capable of in-situ profiling, its lenses may be quickly damaged at the intense focus of hard X-ray FEL beams. We describe a new approach that probes the in-situ morphology of the intense FEL focus. By studying the translations in diffraction patterns from an ensemble of randomly injected sub-micron latex spheres, we were able to determine the non-Gaussian nature of the intense FEL beam at the Linac Coherent Light Source (SLAC National Laboratory) near the FEL focus. We discuss an experimental application of such a beam-profiling technique, and the limitations we need to overcome before it can be widely applied. © (2012) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.