Biophysical Properties of Optogenetic Tools and Their Application for Vision 
Restoration Approaches

Klapper, Simon D.; Swiersy, Anka; Bamberg, Ernst; Busskamp, Volker

doi:10.3389/fnsys.2016.00074

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Biophysical Properties of Optogenetic Tools and Their Application for Vision Restoration Approaches

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Bamberg, Ernst
Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max Planck Society;

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引用

Klapper, S. D., Swiersy, A., Bamberg, E., & Busskamp, V. (2016). Biophysical Properties of Optogenetic Tools and Their Application for Vision Restoration Approaches. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 10:. doi:10.3389/fnsys.2016.00074.

引用: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002D-1CF3-6

要旨

Optogenetics is the use of genetically encoded light-activated proteins to manipulate cells in a minimally invasive way using light. The most prominent example is channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), which allows the activation of electrically excitable cells via light-dependent depolarization. The combination of ChR2 with hyperpolarizing-light-driven ion pumps such as the Cl⁻ pump halorhodopsin (NpHR) enables multimodal remote control of neuronal cells in culture, tissue, and living animals. Very soon, it became obvious that this method offers a chance of gene therapy for many diseases affecting vision. Here, we will give a brief introduction to retinal function and retinal diseases; optogenetic vision restoration strategies will be highlighted. We will discuss the functional and structural properties of rhodopsin-based optogenetic tools and analyze the potential for the application of vision restoration