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Journal Article

Femtosecond formation dynamics of the spin Seebeck effect revealed by terahertz spectroscopy

MPS-Authors
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Seifert,  Tom
Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;
Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin;

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Razdolski,  Ilya
Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;

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Gückstock,  Oliver
Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;

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Maehrlein,  Sebastian F.
Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;

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Nadvornik,  Lukas
Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;
Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin;

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Melnikov,  Alexey
Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;
Institute of Physics, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle;

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Wolf,  Martin
Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;

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Kampfrath,  Tobias
Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;
Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin;

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1709.00768.pdf
(Preprint), 779KB

s41467-018-05135-2.pdf
(Publisher version), 2MB

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Citation

Seifert, T., Jaiswal, S., Barker, J., Weber, S. T., Razdolski, I., Cramer, J., et al. (2018). Femtosecond formation dynamics of the spin Seebeck effect revealed by terahertz spectroscopy. Nature Communications, 9: 2899. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05135-2.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002D-EEB6-7
Abstract
Understanding the transfer of spin angular momentum is essential in modern magnetism research. A model case is the generation of magnons in magnetic insulators by heating an adjacent metal film. Here, we reveal the initial steps of this spin Seebeck effect with <27fs time resolution using terahertz spectroscopy on bilayers of ferrimagnetic yttrium-iron garnet and platinum. Upon exciting the metal with an infrared laser pulse, a spin Seebeck current js arises on the same ~100fs time scale on which the metal electrons thermalize. This observation highlights that efficient spin transfer critically relies on carrier multiplication and is driven by conduction electrons scattering off the metal-insulator interface. Analytical modeling shows that the electrons' dynamics are almost instantaneously imprinted onto js because their spins have a correlation time of only ~4fs and deflect the ferrimagnetic moments without inertia. Applications in material characterization, interface probing, spin-noise spectroscopy and terahertz spin pumping emerge.