Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease cleaves the intermediate filament 
proteins vimentin, desmin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein

Shoeman, Robert L.; Höner, Bernd; Stoller, Timothy J.; Kesselmeier, Cornelia; Miedel, May C.; Traub, Peter; Graves, Mary C.

doi:10.1073/pnas.87.16.6336

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease cleaves the intermediate filament proteins vimentin, desmin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein

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Shoeman, Robert L.
Coherent diffractive imaging, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Max Planck Society;
Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Max Planck Society;
Analytical Protein Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Shoeman, R. L., Höner, B., Stoller, T. J., Kesselmeier, C., Miedel, M. C., Traub, P., et al. (1990). Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease cleaves the intermediate filament proteins vimentin, desmin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 87(16), 6336-6340. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.16.6336.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0000-738C-1

Abstract

The intermediate filament proteins vimentin, desmin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein are cleaved in vitro by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (HIV-1 PR). Microsequencing showed that HIV-1 PR cleaved both human and murine vimentin between leucine-422 and arginine-423 within the sequence between positions 418 and 427, Ser-Ser-Leu-Asn-Leu/Arg-Glu-Thr-Asn-Leu (SSLNL/RETNL). Minor cleavages at other sites were also observed. Heat-denatured vimentin was cleaved by HIV-1 PR less efficiently than native vimentin. A decapeptide containing the sequence SSLN-LRETNL was also cleaved in vitro by HIV-1 PR as predicted. The presence of a charged residue (arginine) at the primary cleavage site distinguishes this from other known naturally occurring cleavage sites. Microinjection of HIV-1 PR into cultured human fibroblasts resulted in a 9-fold increase in the percentage of cells with an altered and abnormal distribution of vimentin intermediate filaments. Most commonly, the intermediate filaments collapsed into a clump with a juxtanuclear localization. These results support the possibility that intermediate filament proteins may serve as substrates within HIV-1-infected cells.