Prospects for detecting gravitational waves at 5 Hz with ground-based detectors

Yu, Hang; Martynov, Denis; Vitale, Salvatore; Evans, Matthew; Barr, Bryan; Carbone, Ludovico; Dooley, Katherine L.; Freise, Andreas; Fulda, Paul; Grote, Hartmut; Hammond, Giles; Hild, Stefan; Hough, James; Huttner, Sabina; Mow-Lowry, Conor; Rowan, Sheila; Shoemaker, David; Sigg, Daniel; Sorazu, Borja

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.141102

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Prospects for detecting gravitational waves at 5 Hz with ground-based detectors

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Grote, Hartmut
Laser Interferometry & Gravitational Wave Astronomy, AEI-Hannover, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Yu, H., Martynov, D., Vitale, S., Evans, M., Barr, B., Carbone, L., et al. (2018). Prospects for detecting gravitational waves at 5 Hz with ground-based detectors. Physical Review Letters, 120: 141102. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.141102.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0000-7729-D

Abstract

We propose an upgrade of Advanced LIGO (aLIGO), named LIGO-LF, that focuses on improving the sensitivity in the 5-30 Hz low-frequency band, and we explore the upgrade's astrophysical applications. We present a comprehensive study of the detector's technical noises, and show that with the new technologies such as interferometrically-sensed seismometers and balanced-homodyne readout, LIGO-LF can reach the fundamental limits set by quantum and thermal noises down to 5 Hz. These technologies are also directly applicable to the future generation of detectors. LIGO-LF can observe a rich array of astrophysical sources such as binary black holes with total mass up to 2000 M_\odot. The horizon distance of a single LIGO-LF detector will be z ~ 6, greatly exceeding aLIGO's reach. Additionally, for a given source the chirp mass and total mass can be constrained 2 times better, and the effective spin 3-5 times better, than aLIGO. The total number of detected merging black holes will increase by a factor of 16 compared with aLIGO. Meanwhile, LIGO-LF will also significantly enhance the probability of detecting other astrophysical phenomena including the gravitational memory effects and the neutron star r-mode resonances.