Abstract
Several psychiatric patient populations are characterised by typical abnormalities of vigilance measures. Neuronal changes which underlie, for example, a hyperarousal state in major depression, can nowadays be investigated via multimodal EEG-fMRI measurements. This allows not only to monitor the typically expected continuous drop of vigilance across continuous resting state assessments in one modality, but also to set their respective interdependence in context of time varying state changes and helps to unravel underlying causality of correlations. Next to spontaneous fluctuations of vigilance, such neurophysiological correlates can also be induced experimentally, may it be via noninvasive brain stimulation, pharmacological interventions
or neurofeedback. Finally, hyperarousal patterns in vigilance measures can also be induced via social stress paradigms. Neuronal correlates of intra- and interindividual variations of cerebral vigilance markers and peripheral arousal markers will be introduced and compared and finally, their prediction of individual stress resilience and their pharmacological modulation will be demonstrated.
