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Journal Article

Planar cell polarity-mediated induction of neural stem cell expansion during axolotl spinal cord regeneration.

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Tazaki,  Akira
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society;

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Tanaka,  Elly M.
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Albors, A. R., Tazaki, A., Rost, F., Nowoshilow, S., Chara, O., & Tanaka, E. M. (2015). Planar cell polarity-mediated induction of neural stem cell expansion during axolotl spinal cord regeneration. eLife, 4: e10230.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-048F-A
Abstract
Axolotls are uniquely able to mobilize neural stem cells to regenerate all missing regions of the spinal cord. How a neural stem cell under homeostasis converts after injury to a highly regenerative cell remains unknown. Here, we show that during regeneration, axolotl neural stem cells repress neurogenic genes and reactivate a transcriptional program similar to embryonic neuroepithelial cells. This dedifferentiation includes the acquisition of rapid cell cycles, the switch from neurogenic to proliferative divisions, and the re-expression of planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway components. We show that PCP induction is essential to reorient mitotic spindles along the anterior-posterior axis of elongation, and orthogonal to the cell apical-basal axis. Disruption of this property results in premature neurogenesis and halts regeneration. Our findings reveal a key role for PCP in coordinating the morphogenesis of spinal cord outgrowth with the switch from a homeostatic to a regenerative stem cell that restores missing tissue.