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Abstract

We developed a new empirical model for corotating plasma in the Jovian magnetosphere. The model, named the coro-
tation plasma environment model version 2 (CPEMv2), considers
the charge density, velocity vector, and ion temperature based on
Galileo/plasma system (PLS) ion data. In addition, we develop hot
electron temperature and density models based on Galileo/PLS
electron data. All of the models provide respective quantities in
the magnetic equator plane of 9–30R_J
, while the charge density
model can be extended to 3-D space. A characteristic feature of
the CPEM is its support of the percentile as a user input. This
feature enables us to model extreme conditions in addition to
normal states. In this paper, we review the foundations of the
new empirical model, present a general derivation algorithm,
and offer a detailed formulation of each parameter of the
CPEMv2. As all CPEM parameters are of the analytical form,
their implementation is straightforward, and execution involves
the use of a small number of computational resources. The
CPEM is flexible; for example, it can be extended, as new data
(from observations or simulation results) become available. The
CPEM can be used for the mission operation of the European
Space Agency’s mission to Jupiter, JUpiter ICy moons Explorer
(JUICE), and for future data analyses.